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1、名词性从句用法详解来源：普特英语、概说名词性从句，即指性质相当于名词的从句，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从高考的考查的实际情况来看，名词性从句考得最多的是宾语从句，其次是主语从句，再次是表语从句，而同位语从句则很少考查。二、名词性从句的一般引导词1. 连接词that只起连接作用，没有任何意思，也不充当句子成分，在宾语从句中可省略，但引导其他名词性从句时通常不省略。如：I hope (that) you enjoy your holiday. 希望你假期过得好。That he likes you is very obvious.很显然他喜欢你。2. 连接词 whether也不
2、充当句子成分，但有自己的意思，表示是否”引导宾语从句时，可换成if,但引导其他名词性从句时不能换成if。如：He asked whether if I would show him the way.他问我是否可以给他带路。Whether it will do us harm remai ns to be see n.是否对我们有害还要看一看。(引导主语从句，不能用if代替 whether)3. 连接代词 who(m), whose, which, what等，均有各自的意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定 语等。如：That s why she wan ted to leave这就是她想离开的原因。
3、When we arrive does nt matter.什么时候到没有关系。Tell me which one you like best.告诉我你最喜欢哪一个。4. 连接副词 when, where, why, how 等，也各自有自己的意义，在从句中作状语。如：The questi on is how we should carry out the pla n. 问题是怎样执行这个计划。When she ll be back depends much on the weathe她什么时候回来在很大程度上要看天气。Why he did it will remai n a puzzle f
4、orever. 他为什么这样做将永远是一个谜。三、名词性从句的重要引导词1. what用于引导名词性从句是一个十分重要的引导词，它可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，但不用于引导同位语从句。它引导的名词性从句有两个意思是：一是表示什么”带有疑问意味；二是表示 “所的”相当于一个先行词后接一个关系代词。如：I don t know what you wan我不知道你想要什么。I don t know what you want is this我不知道你所想要的是这个。2. what引导名词性从句时可用作限定词，其后修饰名词。如：I gave him what books I had.我把我所有的
5、书都给他了。He gave me what money he had about him.他把身边带有的钱全给了我。注：what后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词，但通常不能是单数可数名词，并且后接不可数名词时，有时可有little修饰，两者的区别是：what+不可数名词=所有的都，what little+ 不可数名词=虽少但全部。如：What friends she has are out of the country.她有的那些朋友全在国外。We gave him what (little) help we could. 我们给了他我们力所能及的帮助。关系型what引导名词性从句的五种用法
6、一、用法归纳1. 表示“的东西或事情”：They ve done what they can to help her他们已经尽力帮助了她。He saves what he earns.他赚多少，积蓄多少。What Mary is is the secretary.玛丽的职务是秘书。2. 表示“的人或的样子”：He is no Ion ger what he was.他已经不是以前的那个样子。He is what is gen erally called a traitor.他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是谁把
7、弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的？3. 表示“的数量或数目”：Our in come is now double what it was ten years ago. 我们现在的收入是 10 年前的两倍。The nu mber of the stude nts in our school is ten times what it was before liberati on.现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10倍。4. 表示“的时间”：After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。The youn
8、g girl was too frighte ned to speak, sta nding there for what seemed like hours.小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。5. 表示“的地方”：This is what they call Salt Lake City. 这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492 年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲 大陆学习名词性从句的应注意的关键点1. 备考主语从句应注意以下三点一是从句作主语，主句谓语动词用第三人称单数；二是主语从句通
9、常用it作形式主语，尤其是在 It is +名词/形容词/过去分词+that -中, 或在It seems / happens that 中，或疑问句中；三要注意由what, whatever, whoever引导的主语从句一般不用形式主语。2. 备考宾语从句应注意以下四点一是介词后(except等除外)一般不跟that引导的宾语从句，但可接疑问词引导的宾语从句； 二是在that引导的宾语从句后若还有补语时，要用it作形式宾语，而将that从句置于补语之后；三是当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等时，若宾语从句要表示否定意义，往往要
10、通过否主句来实现，即所谓否定转移；四是虽然引导宾语从句的that有时可以省略，但若宾语从句前有插入语或有间接宾语时，that不能省略；that在与之并列的另一个宾语从句之后或者在形式宾语it+宾补”之后时也不能省略；that从句单独回答问题时，that也不能省略。3. 备考表语从句应注意以下三点一是除that, whether和疑问词外，as, as if, as though, because也可引导表语从句；二要注意“that s w结果以及“that s beca原因 的区别；三是注意 the reason (why / for)is tha句式。4. 备考同位语从句应注意以下三点一是同
11、位语从句多在news, order, word (=news / order), idea, hope, suggestion, information,plan, thought, doubt, fear, belief等抽象名词后，说明其具体内容；二是同位语从句与所说明的名词有时会被谓语所分开，做题时需注意；三是引导同位语从句的有that, whether和连接副词 when, where, why, how等，但绝大多数由that引导，注意同位语从句不能用which引导。that与what引导名词性从句的区别that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句通常
12、省 略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略；what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所的(东西)”在含义上等于“名词+that ”如：1.用that的例子That she lacks experie nee is obvious. The police lear ned that he was nHe realized that she too was exhausted.她缺少经验，这是显然的。t there at that time.警察获知他那时不在场。他意识到她也精疲力尽。t have left the country.我的意见是你不应该离开那个鲍勃错误地认为明天是一
13、个假 很明显他不想来。他们看法不同是很自然的。My idea is that you should n 国家。Bob has the mistaken idea that tomorrow is a holiday.日。It was quite plain that he didn t want to come.It is n atural that they should have differe nt views.2.用what的例子What (=The thing that) he said was true.他所讲的是事实。What he had hoped at last came
14、true.What he said is ben eath con tempt.What he says is true, possibly.What she saw gave her a fright.他希望的事终于成为现实。 他说的话不值一理。或许他说的是对的。她看到的情况吓了她一跳。What I want to say is this.我想说的是这一点。I m sorry for what I said.我为我说的话表示歉意。That s what I want to know.这是我想知道的。You had better hear what I have to say.你最好听听我的意
15、见。I ma naged to get what I wa nted.我设法得到了我要的东西。It was what he mea nt rather than what he said.这是他的原意而不是他的原话。There s something in what he says.他的话有些道理。Her in terest was roused by what he said.他的话引起了她的兴趣。He was always con scious of the fact that she did not approve of what he was doing. 他一向清楚她不太赞成他的做法。注：that可引导同位语从句，what不能。女口 ：Have you any idea what time it starts?你知道什么时候开始吗？whatever, whoever, whichever引导名词性从句1. whatever 引导的名词性从句
