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1、任务型阅读理解技巧点拨任务型阅读是阅读理解题的一种衍生题型，考生既要通过阅读对所给文章的细节和主旨理解清楚，也要用文字表达出对文章的理解，是一种由阅读理解向书面表达过渡的题型，因此它属于读写结合题。任务型阅读的题目设置多样化，有填图表、回答问题、完成总结、填空、翻译等，考查多种能力，但侧重考查的是语篇分析应用能力，即把从阅读中获得的信息应用在回答题目中。在实际解题中，可以采取“四读”的方法：读题目、读大意、读细节、读答案。一、读题目认真仔细阅读题目，区分答题重点是主旨大意还是细节信息，再根据题目要求有目的地进行下一步的文本阅读，对题目类型和特点的关注也将出现在第四步的读答案中。二、读大意主要运
2、用快速阅读(skimming)的能力，扫视文章大意，了解文章的基本信息及文体类型，弄清楚是记叙文、议论文还是说明文以及作者的写作目的与态度等，为下一步完成任务作铺垫。三、读细节根据题目寻找关键词，如动词或名词，并以这些关键词为线索，到原文中去寻找相关的句子和原始信息。试题结构与文本顺序大体一致，理清文章结构会更便于搜索细节信息。四、读答案依据查询到的原文相关信息，仔细对照题目进行比对，落实目标答案，再检查答案的语法形式是否准确，如时态、单复数、冠词等，确保答案准确。典型例题解析 （2014 江苏南京）Mayme Clayton collected books, magazines and le
3、tters written by African Americans. Her son, Avery Clayton, thought her collection was important. Unlike most books, these were rare and hard to find. They were written by writers who helped shape African American culture.One book in the collection was written by Phillis Wheatley. Wheatley was a sla
4、ve who wrote poetry. She was the first African American to publish (出版) a book. Wheatley herself signed (签名) the book in the Claytons collection. No one else owns a copy signed by Phillis Wheatley.By the time she passed away at age 83, Mrs Clayton had more than 30,000 books by or about black people.
5、 Her collection also includes papers about slaves, photographs, movies, sheet music, and personal letters by black leaders and artists. It is one of the biggest personal collections of African American history and culture in the United States.Avery Claytons dream was to create a museum for his mothe
6、rs treasures. Scholars say that Mrs Claytons collection is very important. Without her work, part of African American heritage (遗产) would have been lost. “We didnt know these things existed,” says Sara Hadron of Californias Huntington Library.The collections new home is likely to be in Culver City,
7、California. Part of Avery Claytons dream is to share the cultural riches his mother collected with others. He especially wants kids to have a chance to see the collection. “At present African American culture is being explained by pop culture,” he says.“Its important to offer a more complete picture
8、.”根据所读内容，在每个横线上填入一个最恰当的单词。Mayme Clayton and Her CollectionA. Personal informationShe liked 1. _ books, magazines and letters written by African Americans.She 2. _ when she was 83 years old.B. Her collectionCompared with other books, the books she collected couldnt be found 3. _.The only copy written
9、 and 4. _ by Phillis Wheatleywas in her collection.She had a large collection, 5. _ books, paper, photographs and other things by black leaders and artists.Her collection is of great 6. _ to African American history and culture.C. Her 7. _ dreamA 8. _ for the treasure would be created.He hopes to 9.
10、 _ the cultural riches collected by his mother with more people, especially 10. _.【解题指导】表格类型题目的明显特点是表格内容一般都能展示出文章的架构，所以做此类题时，对文章的结构要有清醒的认识，同时也可以从表格的结构来理解文章的结构。答题技巧大致分为两类：一类为从原文直接找到原句，如第1题可在原文中找到类似句：“Mayme Clayton collected books, magazines and letters written by African Americans.”可知本空填collect，但是在表示
11、喜好的句子She liked _中动词应使用doing或to do的形式，对于长期的喜好应该使用doing，因此本空应填collecting。第二类为题目是对原文中信息的转述或语言再现：如第3题Compared with other books, the books she collected couldnt be found 3. _. 是对文中句子“Unlike most books, these were rare and hard to find.”的另一种说法，rare and hard 就是not easy的意思，再根据句子表达需要使用副词，所以本空填easily。典型例题解析 （
12、2014 江苏淮安）Now there is a family problem. Nearly every parent says that we never grow up. In fact we are probably 16 or 17 years old. In their eyes, we are always little ones and often do wrong things. For example, when I need to stay at home alone, they always worry about me and my life without them
13、.Most parents always think that they have offered the best things they can to make their children live in a comfortable world. They buy their children pretty clothes, cool shoes, everything that they can for their dear children. In return, they only want their children to get good results in the exa
14、ms.But why still cant their children understand them? Does it mean that we still want more material things? No. As a matter of fact, what we want is a true family. What does a true family mean? I think it means a place where we can hide ourselves from the cold world outside. From here, we can get wa
15、rmth, we can get consolation(安慰), and we can get happiness. And one important thing is that we should be stronger and more confident in the outside world because we know that we have a true family.So I think that parents should sit down to talk with their children to let know that they have a true family, so the children and their parents could understand each other more and more. Then, parents will not treat their children as little ones.1. In the eyes of most parents, children never _ and seldom do _.2. Most parents always think they _ the
