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1、以废弃二次电池为原料制备【中文摘要】随着二次电池的大量生产、使用和废弃 , 其治理和终极处 置已成为一个日益迫切需要解决的题目。在众多处置方案中 , 再生处理是目前研 究的热门 ,同时也是最具发展前途的方案 : 它不仅可以解决废弃二次电池所带来 的一系列环境题目 ,而且对电池中有价金属进行再生回收并循环利用 , 也有效的 缓解了资源的紧张 , 因此成为处理与控制废弃电池的最佳途径。本文总结回纳比 较了目前废弃二次电池再生处理的火法冶金、湿法冶金和其他新生再生处理的 技术, 并指出了现阶段再生处理技术的优缺点 , 在此基础上提出了基于酸性浸出 和共沉淀技术联用的湿法冶金处理工艺回收并制备 -Ni
2、(OH)_2 正极材料 : 废弃 二次电池电极活性材料在稀硫酸中浸出 ,经净化处理后的浸出液 , 通过添加离子 元素调节离子比例 , 用共沉淀技术制备 -Ni(OH)_2 正极材料。通过对镍钴元素 的综合回收 , 没有造成有价金属元素的流失 ,与现阶段的湿法再生处理技术相比 较,没有把冗繁的净化处理流程作为重点 , 避免了萃取法的复杂流程 , 同时制备了 -Ni(OH)_2 正极材料 , 具有原料廉价易得、流程简单、能耗低、无二次污染的 优点, 是一种经济、环保的绿色循环利用技术处理工艺。废弃二次电池电极活性 材料主要由 LaNi_5 合金、 Ni(OH)_2、LiCoO_2组成。通过热力学计
3、算分析 ,为 电池活性材料的浸出提供了理论依据和途径 , 进行了电极活性材料在硫酸中的浸 出正交实验 , 分析了硫酸浓度、温度、时间对镍、钴浸出率的影响 ,找出最佳浸 出条件:浸出时间 90min,浸出温度 80,硫酸初始浓度为 3.0 mol/L 。并基于原 料结构、浸出的结果还做了相关影响因素的分析讨论。基于浸出液的离子成分 组成与后续制备产品的工艺 ,取用硫酸复盐沉淀法回收稀土 ,控制 pH值除 Al、 Fe,过硫酸铵除锰的净化处理工艺分离浸出液的杂质离子 , 离子净化率均达到 95%以上。基于净化后液的离子组成 ,添加元素调节离子浓度 ,在Ni-Co 净化后液 的基础上分别掺杂 Al(
4、3+) 、Fe(3+) 、La(3+) 用共沉淀技术制备了 Ni(OH)_2, 经过 XRD表征分析确定所制备的掺杂 Ni(OH)_2 为 型, 并通过一系列的性能分 析证实制备的 -Ni(OH)_2 为稳定结构。 );【 Abstract 】 The management and final disposal spent secondary battery has becoming increasingly urgent, with the a large number of the production, use and utilization of secondary battery.
5、Recycling treatment is having attracted more and more attentions in all treatment,but also the most promising: it can not only solve the enviromental problems,but also slows the lack of recource effectively by recoving and reusing of valued metals of spent secondary battery. it has become the best w
6、ay to deal with and control the spent secondary battery.This * summarized and compared Pyrometallurgical 、 hydrometallurgica and other new renewable technologies of the current treatment of spent secondary battery, and pointed out that the advantages and disadvantages of the current stage treatment,
7、for that propose the hydrometallurgical with the acid leaching and Technical co-precipitation combined to recovery and prepare of -Ni(OH)_2 cathode materials: spent secondary batteryelectrode active material leach in H_2SO_4, the leaching fluid after decontamination treatment, by adding elements reg
8、ulate ion-ion ratio, to prepare -Ni(0H)2 cathode materials by co-precipitation. By recovering the Ni and Co,that did not result in a loss of valuable metal elements, and compared at this stage of hydrometallurgica, Not putting burdensome purification process as a key, Having avoided the complex extr
9、action method, prepa red -Ni(OH)_2 positive electrode material. Treatment with raw material to be inexpensive easy, the flow to be *, the energy consumption low, does not have the second pollution, is one economical, environmental protection green circulation technology processing.The spent secondar
10、y battery electrode active material mainly composed by the LaNi_5,Ni(OH)_2,LiCoO_2. Through thermodynamics computation analysis, for leaching active materials of batteries provides a theoretical basis and ways. indicates the electrode active material in H_2SO_4 leaching process, Has carried on the e
11、lectrode active material in sulfuric acid leaching orthogonal experiment, has analyzed the sulfuric acid density, the temperature, the time to Ni, Co leaching rate influence, discovers the best leaching condition: Extraction time 90min, the leaching temperature 80, the sulfuric acid initialdensity i
12、s 3.0 mol/L. And based on raw material structure, the leaching result has also did analysis discussion about the related influencing factor.Based on the leaching solution ion ingredient composition and the follow up preparation products craft, uses the sulfuric acid duplicate salt precipitation meth
13、od recycling rare earth, controls the pH value except Al,Fe,the ammonium persulfate separates the leaching solution except the manganese cleaning treatment craft the foreign ion, obtains the ion purifying rate achieves above 95%.After purification on the ion composition of liquid, add the element to
14、 regulation of ion concentration, based on the Ni-Co purified liquid, respectively, dopping Al(3+),Fe(3+),La(3+) to prepare Ni(OH)_2 by co-precipitation, after analysis of XRD determine the doped Ni(OH)_2 for the a, and through a series of performance analysis shows that the preparation of -Ni(O_H)_2 to stabilize the structure.
