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1、2022年考博英语-上海交通大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Having published more than a dozen papers in some first-rate journals, she is held in high （ ） by her colleagues.问题1选项A.esteemB.evaluationC.estateD.ego【答案】A【解析】名词词义辨析。esteem尊重, 尊敬;evaluation评价;estate财产;ego自负。句意：她在一些一流的刊物上发表了十多篇论文, 深受同事们的尊敬。选项A符合句意。2. 单选题The
2、jokes Bill told in an effort to cheer us up didnt quite （ ） .问题1选项A.come offB.take offC.go offD.get through【答案】A【解析】动词词组辨析。come off成功, 奏效;take off脱下, 离开;go off变质;get through通过。句意：比尔为了使我们高兴而讲的笑话没有完全奏效。选项A符合句意。3. 单选题The Foreign Ministry holds weekly press conferences to （ ） reporters （ ） the latest de
3、velopment in diplomacy.问题1选项A.confer. uponB.burden. withC.fill. in onD.adjust. to【答案】C【解析】固定搭配辨析。fill sB.in on为固定搭配, 意为详细告诉某人。句意：外交部每周举行新闻发布会, 详细向记者介绍外交的最新发展。选项C符合句意。4. 单选题She （ ） and lowered her head when she couldnt answer the question in the presence of her classmates.问题1选项A.refutedB.defiedC.cont
4、radictedD.disputed【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。refute反驳, 驳斥; defy挑衅,不服从,公然反抗, 还有使落空的意思; contradicted反驳, 矛盾; disputed争论, 激烈辩论。句意：当她不能在同学面前回答问题时, 她感到很落空并低下了头。选项B符合句意。5. 单选题She bought a house near the sea last year so she could take a （ ） along the beach whenever she wanted to.问题1选项A.strollB.strideC.stretchD.strand
5、【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。stroll散步, 漫步;stride 大步;stretch 延伸, 延续;strand （线、绳、发的）股;缕。句意：她去年在海边买了一所房子，这样她就可以随时在海滩上散步了。 选项A符合句意。6. 单选题Both sides at the conflict have agreed temporarily to （ ） hostilities.问题1选项A.suspendB.reconcileC.compromiseD.negotiate【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。Suspend延缓,推迟; reconcile使一致,使和解;compromise妥协,和解;
6、 negotiate谈判,交涉。句意：冲突双方已同意暂时停止敌对行动。选项A符合句意 。7. 单选题With the （ ） of aluminum, shiny metals such as tin or copper turns into black powders when ground fine.问题1选项A.receptionB.deceptionC.exceptionD.perception【答案】C【解析】固定搭配。With the exception of指除了.之外。句意：除了铝之外, 其他的亮光金属，如锡或铜，在磨细后都会变成黑色粉末。8. 单选题The world eco
7、nomic recession put an（ ） end to the steel market upturn that began in 2002.问题1选项A.irregularB.illegalC.absurdD.abrupt【答案】D【解析】形容词词义辨析。 irregular不规则的,无规律的; illegal非法的; absurd不合理的,荒谬的; abrupt突然的,意外的。根据句中upturn判定, world economic recession是突然停止的。句意：世界经济衰退突然结束了2002年开始的钢铁市场好转的情况。选项D符合句意。9. 单选题Big cites to
8、day are confronted with very serious problems. Transport is a （1 ）difficulty: some planners believe in （2 ） transport system; others believe in making it possible for citizens to move （3 ） in private cars. There are several ways of （4 ） a public transport system. Sometimes it is built under the grou
9、nd, sometimes it is on the （5 ） , and sometimes it is even above ground level, （6 ） in parts of New York and more crime and Tokyo for example. In most cases, of course, it is a （7 ） of some or all of these elements.The （8 ） of the city centers has also been a problem in the last 30 years. The hearts
10、 of many cities have become poorer and poorer, （9 ） more and more crime and violence, （10 ） the people who can afford to have moved out to the （11） . This is the opposite of the situation 100 years ago, （12） wealthy people lived in the center, and the poor lived （13 ） the outskirts of the city.Ecolo
11、gical problems also （14） , as factories and cars pollute the air,tree are cut down to make （15 ） for urban clearways, and crowded conditions cause garbage to （16 ） in the streets.In order to solve these problems, some planners believe we should limit the size of our cities, perhaps by restricting po
12、pulation, or perhaps by offering （17） jobs in the provinces. Others believe that cities cannot be limited in size and that the problems must be solved in a （18） of waysby creating green areas, building （19 ） houses for everybody, stopping factory pollution, （20 ） motor transport, and so on.问题1选项A.mi
13、norB.majorC.littleD.small问题2选项A.massB.messC.massyD.messy问题3选项A.outsideB.throughC.acrossD.about问题4选项A.setting upB.making upC.taking upD.building up问题5选项A.fieldB.earthC.surfaceD.soil问题6选项A.likeB.asC.sameD.similar问题7选项A.cooperationB.imitationC.separationD.combination问题8选项A.decreaseB.declineC.reductionD.release问题9选项A.orB.beingC.withD.against问题10选项A.whileB.thoughC.becauseD.even问题11选项A.suburbsB.downtownsC.countrysidesD.rural问题12选项A.whereB.whatC.whenD.why问题13选项A.onB.inC.atD.by问题14选项A.ariseB.riseC.arouseD.raise问题15选项A.placeB.pathC.roadD.way问题16选项A.composeB.presentC.a
