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1、Arctic Hero - the Story of Matthew Henson (典范6-16)By Alison HawesIntroductionIn 1909 a black American explorer called Matthew Henson helped to discover the North Pole.This story tells you how Matthew became an explorer and the dangers he faced in the bitter cold of the Arctic.Chapter 1: Running Away
2、As a boy, Matthew always longed for adventure. When he was about 12 years old, he ran away to sea. He joined a ship as a cabin boy, peeling potatoes and cleaning the decks. When he left, at the age of 18, he had already traveled the world.Chapter 2: Matthew Meets Robert PearyA few years later Matthe
3、w was working in a shop when he met an explorer called Robert Peary.Robert offered him a job, as his servant, working in the jungles of Central America. Matthew was keen to travel again, so he took the job.While they were in the jungle, one of Roberts survey team fell into some quicksand. The man wa
4、s so frightened, he left the expedition.Matthew asked if he could take over the mans job, and he never worked as a servant again. After working in the sticky heat of the jungle, Roberts next trip was to the bitter cold of the Arctic. He asked Matthew to come with him as a member of his team.He and M
5、atthew then spent the next 18 years exploring the Arctic together.Chapter 3: Matthew in GreenlandThey began by making several trips to Greenland, where the Inuit people (因纽特人，过去称为爱斯基摩人，居住在北美北部寒冷地区) helped them to learn the skills they needed to survive in the Arctic.Matthew quickly learned to speak
6、Inuit and became good friends with the people. They called him “Matthew-the-kind-one”(好人马修).They learned how to fish for charr（嘉鱼） and hunt for seals. They learned to build igloos（雪屋）and make clothes and boots from animal skins. They also learned to build sledges（雪橇）and drive teams of husky dogs. In
7、 fact, Matthew soon became an expert（专家）sledge driver.Matthew and Robert traveled across the unexplored ice fields in the north of Greenland. They made maps and helped to show that Greenland is an island. They also found three enormous（巨大旳）meteorites（陨石）.But even with help from the Inuit, the Arctic
8、 was a dangerous place for Robert and Matthew to be（生存）. Once they were out hunting when a musk ox suddenly charged at（向冲去）Robert. Just in time, Matthew saved Roberts life. He shot the ox with his last bullet.Another time they were hundreds of miles from camp when they ran out of food. They were col
9、d and weak, and a man traveling with them was dangerously ill. In the end they had to eat their dogs or（否则）starve to death.Chapter 4: To the North PoleDespite（尽管 =in spite of）the dangers, Robert and Matthew bravely went back to the Arctic again. This time they wanted to do something no one had ever
10、done before. They wanted to try to reach the North Pole. But on their first attempt Roberts feet became badly frostbitten（严重冻伤）.Robert was in such pain that he couldnt walk or even stand. As soon as they could travel, Matthew strapped（捆绑） Robert to a sledge and rushed 250 miles to base camp（大本营）, wh
11、ere there was a doctor. The doctor had to take off eight of Roberts toes. But still Robert and Matthew would not give up. Three more times they tried to reach the Pole. Each time they got closer than before. But each time they were beaten back by blizzards（暴雪） or melting ice.Chapter 5: One Last Chan
12、ceIn 1908 Robert and Matthew sailed from New York to make their fifth attempt to reach the Pole. But they agreed（到达共识）, because of their age, that they would make this their last trip to the Arctic. This would be their last chance to reach the North Pole!On their way north, they stopped in Greenland
13、 to buy the huskies, furs and equipment（设备）that they needed. They also visited several villages to hire Inuit men and women to come with them and help them on their last journey.As their ship sailed further north, the sea began to freeze over. At first the ship was able to cut through the ice, but a
14、s the ice got thicker they sometimes had to use dynamite（炸药）to help them break through.In the end the sea ice was just too thick and they could go no further. So they set up their base camp on an island off the coast of Canada（靠近加拿大海岸线旳）. They spent the winter getting ready for their last attempt to
15、 reach the Pole.In the spring they were ready to set out. Robert put the men into teams and they began setting up a line of camps across the sea ice. At each camp they left food, equipment and igloos for Robert and Matthew to use on their way back from the Pole.But this was not easy. Time and time a
16、gain they were held up by the ice and the bad weather. At times the ice was so jagged it broke their sledges. Other times it was so high that they had to drag their heavy sledges over it by hand.The ice creaked and moaned and cracked open without warning.Once Robert was going to sleep when he heard a noise. Looking outside, he saw a crack open up around one of the other igloos! He and Matthew shouted to the men who just
