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1、2022年考博英语-湖南大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题For most allergies, the best treatment is（ ） of the bothersome substances from the sensitive persons environment.问题1选项A.dissipationB.deviationC.eliminationD.pacification【答案】C【解析】名词辨析。句意: 对于大多数过敏者，最好的治疗就是消除过敏源一一些敏感人群环境的东西。dissipation浪费；消散；物损 耗。deviation偏差；误差；背离
2、。elimination消除；淘汰。pacification和解; 平定；讲和。2. 单选题These illegal immigrants have to work long hours a day despite the appalling working conditions.问题1选项A.bewilderingB.exasperatingC.dismayingD.upsetting【答案】C【解析】形容词辨析。句意: 尽管工作环境恶劣，但是这些非法移民者每天必须工作数小时。bewildering使人困惑的; exasperating 惹人生气的。Dismaying 使人惊恐的，使焦急的
3、; upsetting 令人心烦意 乱的，令人苦恼的。Appaling 令人震惊的，低劣得不像话的。故选C。3. 多选题多选题测试，请勿组卷到其他试卷当中，题干内容展示测试0.0问题1选项A.AB.BC.CD.D问题2选项A.EB.DC.CD.BE.A【答案】第1题:A、B、C第2题:B、C、D、E【解析】第1题:试题解析测试第2题:JIEXI4. 单选题Japan is going through a complex national identity crisis. That may be no bad thing, says a new book by an American acade
4、mic Japanologist. The economy is stalled, but the society is in motion. Japan is a difficult country to report on and analyze because things do not change in big, noticeable ways; they change in an incremental process, generally of small steps but which, over time, can add up to big movements. And j
5、ust such a big movement seems to be taking place.Mr. Nathan, a professor of Japanese cultural studies, has been observing Japan since the 1960s. Whereas most people look at economic data or the comings and goings of prime ministers, he is more interested in schools, novels, comic books, and the mind
6、s of young entrepreneurs and maverick local politicians. In particular, his focus is on whether Japans famously cohesive, conformist society may be fracturing under the strain of economic stagnation, and on how such strains have been affecting the countrys sense of purpose and of national identity.F
7、ractures are what he looks for and fractures are what he finds. On balance, they are neither obviously dangerous nor obviously positive, but they are, as he says, signs of motion which could, in time, lead in unpredictable directions. The most worrying fractures he writes about are in the schools, w
8、here violence and truancy have risen remarkably. Old Japan hands shrug wearily at such things, for worries about bullying have long existed but have never really seemed terribly serious. Now, though, Mr. Nathans numbers do make the situation look grave.Since 1998, youths aged between 14 and 19 have
9、been involved in 50% of all arrests for felonies, including murder. Truancy is also in the up. Mr. Nathan asserts that the true number is 350,000 children, or 5% of the student population.Such trends appear to be symptoms of two related phenomena: a widespread feeling of disillusionment, alienation,
10、 uncertainty or plain anger, which has spread to children too; and a gradual breakdown of old systems of disciplinepart familial, part social, part legal一which appear to prevent schools and parents from dealing effectively with errant children.Japan is, in short, passing through a national identity
11、crisis. There are plenty of positive aspects to it too, however. One is a considerable increase in the number of actual or budding young entrepreneurs, a trend especially visible in the willingness of high-flyers to leave good, safe jobs in order to set up their own firms. The numbers remain modest,
12、 but are nevertheless surprisingly high given the state of the economy in recent years. Another is a new eagerness among popular writers and maverick politicians to try to define and encourage a new national pride.1.What characterizes the social changes in Japanese society is that（ ） .2.It is implie
13、d in the second paragraph that（ ）.3.School violence and truancy in Japan seem to be（ ） .4.The reason behind school violence and truancy in Japan seems to be that （ ）.5.What is the best title for this passage?问题1选项A.they are often accompanied by a national identity crisisB.they often take place in ma
14、jor scale but end up in small effectC.they often happen humbly while producing huge accumulative consequencesD.they often take place without being analyzed and reported due to their complexity问题2选项A.Japan is undergoing a serious political instabilityB.a static economy might have a negative influence
15、 on societyC.most people in Japan are under severe mental strainD.many people suffer from a fracture due to their job pressure问题3选项A.tiring Japanese parents up for a long timeB.not as serious as most Japanese have imaginedC.quickly on the increase especially in recent yearsD.obviously endangering the safety of Japanese students问题4选项A.school and parents do not want to deal with errant children effectivelyB.economic stagnation has reduced parents time to communicate with their childrenC.youths b
