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1、 摘要 本文开创性地提出了基于刀式矿土复合型链式开沟机的设计方法。本课题中链式开沟机是对传统开沟机的改良和提高，它结构合理，使用方便，便于安装和拆卸，适合于农田水利设施的沟渠的开挖和通信领域的缆线铺设开沟作业的要求，其开沟深度和宽度较以往开沟机都有了较大的改变，并可以通过更换链刀，增加链节等方便的满足所开沟的具体要求。 本文简要介绍了国内外开沟机的发展历史，并介绍了国外著名开沟机的生产厂商及其主要产品及近年来国内各科研院所和生产厂家自主开发的链式开沟机，指出链式开沟机以其优势已经成为沟渠开挖和缆线铺设领域里的主要施工设备。简述了本人的研究课题的名称、所要达到的目的以及课题在理论与现实上的重大意
2、义。 文章中还介绍了链条的发展历史，分别论述了链传动与齿轮传动和带传动相比的优点和不足之处，以及链传动的应用。提出了链式开沟机设计的初步理论，并参照较为传统的旋转开沟机，对开沟机这一常见的施工设备的基本结构和主要的工作部件进行了简要的介绍和分析并对链式开沟机的工作原理进行了介绍。 全套图纸，加153893706本文在确定链式开沟机的基本参数上，参阅相关的参考文献，并创造性地将已有研究成果和本课题的创新部分相结合，系统地对链式开沟机进行了运动学和动力学分析，并基于开沟机开沟过程的分析，创造性地利用开挖土壤的模型对开沟机开沟功耗做了较为详细的研究，结合切削厚度公式指出开沟机悬臂倾角为 45时切削厚
3、度取得极值，首次提出了在沙性土和泥炭土中开沟机悬臂倾角控制在 4555之间较为合理的理论依据，并对开沟机的稳定性进行了一定的研究。最后根据相关条件和公式的整合和计算，给出了链式开沟机的整体参数初步拟定计算值。 I 摘要 文章中提出了链式开沟机的主要部件的设计过程，包括链式开沟机的减速装置，开沟链的支撑装置和张紧装置。另外，文中提出了一种新式链轮的结构，以往的传统的链传动中，链条与链轮的啮合形式是链条夹链轮，而本课题中的链轮和链条的啮合结构是“链条骑在链轮上”，即链轮夹链条。对于从动链轮，考虑到开沟链的特殊工作环境，为避免在轮齿和链条相互啮合时有土壤颗粒掉落其上导致降低工作效率和使用寿命，本课题
4、中的从动链轮采用光轮设计，以选用轴承的外圈作为链轮的外表面，轴承内圈转动而外圈不动，两侧以螺栓各固定一块圆形挡板，挡板与轴承外圈出加以迷宫密封。这种结构的好处是大大减小了开沟链轮的宽度，对于满足本课题中的宽度要求是十分关键的，在减小宽度的同时又保证了正常链轮的工作要求。 本文还通过土壤切削阻力试验，进一步验证了链式开沟机开沟链的受力情况。在中型土槽中，将受试链条固定在台车前端的传感器上，每次递增一节链条。通过 3 至 14 节链条的递增实验，获得共 12 组数据，根据所得数据，从中选择具有典型特征的 3 组，计算单链刀的受力值，并将 12 组数据取均值再求链刀阻力，计算所得链刀阻力值与前面参数
5、确定模块中确定的单链刀阻力相比较，发现差值在实际情况允许的范围内。在试验中，由于共进行了 12 组试验，对于前 10 节链条组成一组，后 4 节分别挂接后，其阻力变化不大，从而得出当链刀成组挂接后，后面再加节额外链节，其整体链条所受阻力基本不再变化的试验结论。 关键词：链式开沟机 设计方法 链轮 链刀 切削阻力II 吉林大学硕士研究生学位论文 AbstractThis paper creatively put forward a composite mine chain trencher whic h is based on the blade styleThe chain trencher
6、in this issue modified and improved the traditional chain trencher,the structure of which is reasonable and convenient for use, easy installation and removal, suitable for irrigation facilities in the trench excavation and in the field of telecommunications cable laying ditching iperations, its ditc
7、hing width and depth than ever before ditching m achine has a large size of the corresponding change,and convenient to replace the chain tooth and add chain element so as to meet the specific requirements of ditching. This paper introduces the historical development of the domestic and abroad ditchi
8、ng machine,and the famous ditching machine manufactures and their typical products,and some same products which are developed by domestic research institutes and manufacturers independentlyPoint out that the chain trencher with its advantage for trench excavation and laying cable has becomed the mai
9、n construction equipment.And make a brief description of my res earch projects name,as well as the purpose of the major topics and the significance of this issue in theory and practice The artical also gave a brief introduction of the history of the chain development, and described advantage and dis
10、advantage of the chain drive gear drive and belt drive respectively,and the use of chain driveIn the light of the more traditional rotary ditching machine, make some brief introduction and analy sis to the basic structure and major working parts of ditching machine which is a common operation facili
11、ty, and make a introduction of the III Abstract chain trenchers working principle. Based on the determining of the basic parameters of the chain trencher,in conjunction with relevant references, combine the results which have be made and parts which are innovative in this issue, make kinematic and d
12、ynamic analysis for chain trencher systematically.And based on the analysis of the ditching process of chain trencher make more detailed study on ditching efficiency of chain trencher, and creatively use of the soil excavation unit model make research on the power consumption of the chain trencher.C
13、ombine the formula of cutting thickness,make use of mathematical methods gave out the theoretical basis of the ditching arm angle which should be controled around 45in the first time.finally, according to the corresponding conditions and the integration and calculation to formula, gave the overall c
14、hain trencher tentatively set the calculated parameters. The article point out the design process of the chain trenchers main components,which included the deceleration device and tension deviceIn addition, the text for the first time proposed an new sproket structure.In the conventional chain drive
15、, the mesh form is the chain nip the sproket, but in this article, the mesh form of the sproket and chain is the chain ride on the sproket, namely the sproket nip the chain.For the driven sproket,considering the specific working conditions of ditching chain,to avoid the soil particles droping on the sproket and chain
