西方社会与文化

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1、1、Prometheus Prometheus is the son of Iapetus, brother of Epimetheus. After time of the creation, he and his brother were ordered to create man to rule over the plants and all kinds of living creatures on the earth. Prometheus with his brother fashioned man from clay. Prometheus loved man so much th

2、at he risked his own life to steal fire from Olympus but was discovered by Zeus. To give him punishment, Zeus sent him to the Caucasian Mountain, chaining him to a rock, having an eagle to bite his liver which grew back daily. Suffering for centuries, Prometheus was saved by Heracles, who killed the

3、 eagle and broke the chains.2、After the creation of the world, who decided to create a superior being? For what purpose?Eros, the god of love, son of Aphrodite, decided to create a superior being. After the creation of the world, there were luxuriant vegetation and all kinds of living creatures cove

4、ring the newborn Earth. Eros let Prometheus and his brother to endow them with instincts and in order to rule over the other creatures, and Eros wanted the two brothers to create a superior being called man. Man were made by the image of the god, filled with spirit of life and endowed with a soul. M

5、an being the ruler of all creatures, things on the earth could be well-ruled and the world would be more complete.3、How do you think of Prometheus? Why did he pay such high price to bring fire to human beings?Prometheus is the son of Iapetus, brother of Epimetheus. After the creation of the world, E

6、ros bade Prometheus and his brother create and endow a superior being called man to rule over all the others. They fashioned man form clay. Prometheus was very kind and merciful, for he observed man and longed to bestow upon him great power; he was very brave and adamantine, for he stole heavenly fi

7、re for man and suffered from torture for centuries. He was to man what a mother was to her children. In order to let his man to have fire, which was the possession and prerogative of gods and they wouldnt share with man, he risked his own life to steal it but unfortunately was discovered by Zeus. De

8、spite the prolonging torture, Prometheus never gave in. Thanks to his effort, man lived on the earth generation after generation and became more civilized.4、PandoraIn Greek mythology, Pandora was the first woman on the earth. Each god endowed her with some special charm to make her more attractive.

9、She was made to punish mankind for acceptance of the heavenly fire. Zeus wanted to give Pandora to Prometheus while he refused. Pandora was later became the wife of Epimetheus. At the beginning the couple lived a happy life. However, out of curiosity, Pandora opened the box which was brought in by H

10、ermes. The box contained all evils of mankind. The world was then soon full of unhappiness and evils. She later opened the box at the second time and the hope flew out and seized the evils. The world was healed again.5、Why was Zeus displeased and decided to punish human beings?Zeus, the god of the s

11、ky, ruler of the Olympian gods and spiritual father of gods and mortals, is the god with greatest power and everyone should be subordinated to him. Prometheus, the so of Iapetus, brother of Epimetheus stole heavenly fire for man. However, fire was the possession and prerogative of gods and they woul

12、dnt share with man. Zeus was furious with Prometheus and man. He then tried to devise some means to punish mankind for the acceptance of he heavenly fire and sent Pandora who would bring evils to Prometheus.6、What are the 4 Ages? How was peoples living condition in each Age?The four Ages are the Gol

13、den Age, the Silver Age, the Age of Brass and the Iron Age.In the Golden Age, the world was peopled slowly and years were of pure happiness. There was no occasion for labor and innocence, virtue and truth prevailed. It was a time of bliss. In the Silver Age, a year was first divided into seasons and

14、 men were obliged to toil for their daily bread. It was a time of happiness and hardship. In the Age of Brass, strife became customary and differences were settled by blows. In the Iron Age, mens passions knew mo bounds and they even dared to refuse to respect gods. Was occurred and increased and th

15、e earth was full of blood. It is the worst of all Ages.7、ApolloApollo is the son of Zeus and Leto. In Greek mythology, Apollo was in many respects the role model of a Greek god. He represents order, harmony and civilization in a way that most other Olympian deities cannot equal. He was described as

16、bright and rational and often associated with the cultivated arts of music and medicine. He was admired by many goddesses, but he retired form them. He was a fighter, for he killed Python; he was a lover as well, for he fell in love with many deities and people.8、How do you think of Apollo as a god?Apollo is the son of Zeus and Leto. In Greek mythology, Apollo was in many respects the role model of a Greek god. He represents order, harmony and ci

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