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1、如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载! 构词法 一合成法词汇是英语学习者的主要障碍之一。英语构词法可以帮助我们正确辨认单词的词形、词性和理解词意, 并迅速扩大词汇量, 是学习英语的有效途径。 合成法：两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词的构词方法称为合成法。1. 复合名词的主要构成方式有：(1)名词+名词如：newspaper报纸 teamwork 协作(2)形容词+名词如：blackboard 黑板 highway 公路 (3)副词+名词如：overcoat大衣 underground 地铁(4)名词+介词短语如：father-in-law岳父 mother-in-law 岳母2. 复合动词的
2、主要构成方式：(1)副词+动词如：update更新 overlook 忽视(2)名词+动词如：sun-bathe日光浴 proof-read 校对如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!3. 复合代词的主要构成方式：(1)代词宾格或物主代词+self/selves如: ourselves , itself (2)某些不定代词+body/ thing / one如: nobody, everything.4. 复合形容词的主要构成方式：(1)名词+形容词如：colour-blind色盲的(2)副词+形容词如：over-sensitive过敏的(3)名词+分词如：hand-made手工制作的(4
3、) 形容词+名词如：good-looking好看的 (5) 副词+分词如：well-meant好意的 outstanding 出色的(6) 形容词+名词如：gentleman 绅士 greengrocer 水果商 (7)形容词+名词+ -ed如： ill-mannered 不礼貌的(8)数词+名词+(-ed)如：two-faced两面派的 one-sided 片面的如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!(9)名词+名词+-ed如：iron-willed有钢铁意志的5. 复合副词的主要构成方式：(1)名词+名词, 如：sideways向旁边(2)名词+副词, 如：headfirst头朝下(3
4、)形容词+名词, 如：meanwhile同时(4)介词+名词, 如：beforehand事先一、请找出下列句中的合成词, 并说明构成的类型并指出其意义。（所有句子均选自07、08广东高考卷）1. This fully updated book features the latest information about study opportunities.即时练习1. updated副词+分词形容词 最新的 2. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty(960-1279) was very anxious to hel
5、p his rice crop grow up quickly.2. short-tempered 副词+分词形容词 易怒的3. If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge, it is time you build a positive self-image and learn to love yourself.3. self-image 名词+名词名词 自我形象4. This tow-volume Guide features up-to-date and in-depth information about 如果您需要使用本
6、文档，请点击下载按钮下载!UK course options and institutions.4. tow-volume 数次+名词形容词 两卷的5. He is said to be “undersized,” with “short legs” and a “round stomach”.5. undersized副词+分词形容词 个子小的6. Not all of these fairies are the friendly, people-loving characters that appear in Disney films and in some folktales, they
7、 are cruel. 6. people-loving 名词+分词形容词 热爱人们的7. There are more outbreaks in cities with large populations.7. outbreaks 副词+名词名词 爆发8. I enclose a self-addressed envelope.8. self-addressed 名词+分词形容词 写明发信人自己的地址的 二 转化法转化法：不添加任何成分, 不改变词形, 把一个词由一种词类转用为另一种词类的方法叫转化法。如： button (钮扣) to button (扣钮扣) native (本地的) n
8、ative (本地人)1. 有大量的动词可以转化为名词(1)有时意思没有太大的变化。如：如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!have a look (chat, talk, wash, swim, rest, try, quarrel, interview, taste, etc)make a study (guess, visit, call, survey, jump, slip, change, answer, advance, etc) come to a stop (end, pause) (2)有时意思有一定的变化： He was about the same build a
9、s his brother.他的体形和他哥哥差不多。Women have an equal say in everything.妇女在各方面都有同样的发言权。 2. 有相当多的名词可以当动词用(1)许多表示物件的名词可以用做动词, 表示动作。 Have you booked your ticket？ (预定)It can seat a thousand people. (容纳) (2)有些表示身体部位的名词活用来做动词。 Well back you up. (支持)Well head for Yunnan tomorrow. (朝前进)(3)一些表示一类人的名词也可用做动词。If so, we
10、 shall be badly fooled. (上当) We were hosted by members of the embassy. (款待) (4)一些表示其他实物的名词也可用做动词。This helped to bridge over our difficulties. (度过) 如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!For six days and nights they battled to save his life.(苦战) (5)一些抽象名词等也可以用做动词。Through my childhood, I had hungered for education.(盼望)
11、Over 1000 students stormed into the building .(冲进) 即时练习：根据黑体词在句中所作句子成分, 判断其词性及其意义。(所有句子均选自07、08广东高考卷)1. Dont allow doubts to occur in it.doubts 名词 疑虑2. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerks mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky excitement. 2. profit 不及物动词 获利, 赚钱 mistake 名词 错误3.
12、 After all, if you are going to be ruled by time, why not invest in an antique clock and perhaps make a future profit?3. ruled 及物动词 统治 profit 名词 利润, 赢利, 利益4. Well, roll up your sleeves and make a change of it as your primary task. 4. change 名词 改变5. This site gives you instant access to a wide range
13、of information on studying and living in the UK.5. access 名词 接触 (使用, 接近) 的机会(方法, 门路), 捷径 range 名词 范围如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!6. They marked the hours on candles and used sand in hour-glasses.6. mark 及物动词 做标记于,标明, 记录7. Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house.7. off
14、er 名词 提议8. Thats why your mommy and I have named you Ari.8. name 及物动词 命名9. I love this feeling of protecting you and dreaming of all I have in store for you.9. store 名词 贮藏, 贮存10. Some of the diseases spread is due to global warming. 10. spread 名词 蔓延, 传播1. 有不少形容词也可以用做动词。如：(1)The train slowed down to
15、half its speed.(减慢) (2)This is the chief way of narrowing the differences between them.(缩小) (3)Please warm up the dish over the stove.(热一下) (4)The room gradually quieted down.(安静下来) (5)Wrongs must be righted when they are discovered.(纠正) (6)Nothing dries sooner than a tear.(干)如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载! (7)Shelly was unable to calm her. (使镇静)(8)They braved the bitter cold to compl
