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1、本科生毕业设计（外文文献翻译）专业： 会计 论文题目： 资产减值对会计核算的影响研究 以巨力集团为例 2014年5月Financial reporting and characteristics of impairment of assets in the republic of Serbia, according to IAS/IFRS and national regulationAndri .Kristina、Miji、Mirko Jak . i . Dejan1. AbstractFinancial statements should present results of realiz
2、ed transactions in a reporti period, and should give true and fair information about the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. Various events could happen within the reporting period, such as a fall in the market value of assets, physical damage of assets, assets obsolescence, o
3、r other events which could result in a decrease in the value of a companys assets. If such events causing impairment of assets occur, the company should decrease the carrying amount to the recoverable amount. If not, the companys assets will be presented in a carrying value which exceeds their true
4、value, which could lead to financial statement users making wrong decisions.Accounting for impairment of assets in the Republic of Serbia is stipulated under International Accounting Standard 36 Impairment of Assets, other relevant standards for specific assets, and national regulation. According to
5、 international accounting regulation (IASB, 2010, IAS 36 paragraph 2), IAS 36 is applied in accounting for the impairment of all assets, other than:These standards describe potential events that result in impairment of assets, methods for calculation of the recoverable amount, and accounting for imp
6、airment of assets. The standards also prescribe disclosure of information in reference to impairment of assets in financial statements. Apart from international regulation, accounting for impairment of assets in the Republic of Serbia is set out under the Book of Rules on Chart of Accounts and Conte
7、nt of Accounts of Companies and Cooperatives (hereinafter referred to as Book of Rules on Chart of Accounts). The Book of Rules on Chart of Accounts defines accounts that should be used in accounting for impairment of assets. The objective of this paper is to present research on the implementation o
8、f international and national rules which regulate accounting for impairment of assets in the Republic of Serbia, and to analyze characteristics of impairment loss in financial statements of Serbian companies. The research is based on a sample of 225 financial statements of large-sized and medium-siz
9、ed companies in the Republic of Serbia for the period 2007-2009.2. ImpAIRmEnTOF ASSETS One of the important regulatory requirements of financial reporting is that thecarrying amounts of assets which are disclosed in financial statements should not exceed their recoverable amounts. If the carrying am
10、ount exceeds the amount which can be recovered, either by use or sale of the asset, then the carrying amount should be decreased. This means that assets are carried at no more than their recoverable amount. A decrease of the carrying amount to represent the recoverable amounts results in impairment
11、of assets; that is, in impairment loss. According to accounting regulation (IASB, 2010, IAS 36 paragraph 6), the recoverable amount of an asset is one of these values: fair value less coststo sell, or value in use.Fair value less costs to sell is the amount obtainable from the sale of an asset. Iden
12、tification of fair value is based on a presumption that the sale occurs in an arms length transaction between knowledgeable, willing parties, for the amount which is then decreased for the costs of disposal. If there is no binding sale agreement, and an asset is traded in an active market, fair valu
13、e less costs to sell is calculated as the assets market price less the costs of disposal. If there is neither a binding sale agreement nor an active market, fair value less costs to sell can be based on the best information which indicates the amount which could be obtained by sale of an asset at th
14、e end of the reporting period. Costs of disposal have to be deducted in order to determine fair value less costs to sell. Examples of costs of disposal are: administrative costs, costs of removing the asset, stamp duty and similar transaction taxes, and direct incremental costs to bring an asset int
15、o condition for its sale.Value in use is the present amount of the future cash flows expected to be derived from continuing use of the asset and from its ultimate disposal. The computation of value in use involves a two-step process: first, future cash flows must be estimated; and second, the presen
16、t value of these cash flows must be calculated by application of an appropriate discount rate (Epstein and Jermakowicz, 2008, p. 248).The recoverable amount is the higher of its fair values, less costs to sell and its value in use. However, if it is believed that the value in use is insignificantly higher than its fair value l
