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1、高中英语倒装句倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装 14.1 倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1） here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如： Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。 Here is your letter. 你的信。 练习：机会来了 2） 以表示运动方向的副词（如out, in ,up, down ,off , away）开头的句子，句子要用倒装句型，谓语
2、表示运动的动词。例如： Down fell an apple from the tree. 一个苹果从树上掉了下来 Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。 练习：孩子们冲了出来 3）表示地点的介词词组位于句首时，句子要用全倒装句型Opposite the house is a primary school. 房子对面是一所小学In front of the tree stands the teaching building. 大树前面是教学楼练习：动物园在我家的旁边4)There be 句型 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全
3、倒装。例如： Here he comes. 他来了。 Away they went. 他们走开了。 14.2 倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 1. 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, little, few, at no time决不, hardly, seldom, scarcely几乎不，in no way, not until 等。例如： Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此
4、糟糕的表演。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。 The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep. -Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.典型例题 1） Not until the early years of the 19t
5、h century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know 答案D. 看到Not until的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。 改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。 14.3 以否定词开头作部分倒装 如 Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No soone
6、r than等句型若前一部分位于句子开关，句子要倒装。例如： Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 典型例题 No sooner_ than it began
7、 to rain heavily. A. the game began B.has the game begun C. did the game begin D.had the game begun 答案D. no soonerthan, hardly when scarcely when表示 一。就。该句型中间部分要用过去完成时， 后面部分要用过去时，两个特殊常考句型，务必记住等等。 （注意：只有当Not only but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构，如Not only you but
8、also I am fond of music。） 14.4 so, neither, nor作部分倒装 用这些词表示也、也不 的句子要部分倒装。例如： Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。 Tom can not speak French , neither/ nor can Jack If you wont go, neither will I.你不去，我也不去。 典型例题 -Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? -I dont know, _. A. nor dont I car
9、eB. nor do I careC. I dont care neitherD. I dont care also 答案：B. nor为增补意思也不关心，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 dont 再次否定，C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。D缺乏连词。 注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为的确如此。例如： Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 汤姆邀我去踢球，我去了。 -Its raining hard.-So it is. 雨下得真大。是呀。 14.5 only在句首倒装的情况。例如： On
10、ly in this way can you learn English well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如： Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。 14.6 as, though 引导的倒装句 (考点)（从属连句as用于特殊语序，含义与though, although相同，但“as”这种结构可表示非常强烈的对照，必须用倒装（表语提前,部分倒装）,Though引导的句子可倒装也可不到装， although引导 的句子不可倒装） as /
11、though引导的让步状语从句（即是可以翻译成：虽然。但是。的句子）必须将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。但需注意： 1） 句首名词不能带任何冠词。 A boy as/ though he is , he knows a lot XBoy as/ though he is , hee knows a lot 2） 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。例如： Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 他工作很努力
12、，但总不能让人满意。 (注意：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。) 14.7 其他部分倒装 1） so that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。（如此。以至于。）例如： So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。 2） 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如： Were I you, I wou
13、ld try it again. 我是你的话，就再试一次。 1. Only when the war was over _ to his hometown. （上海2001春季） A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returned C. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return2. -David has made great progress recently. -_, and _. （97上海） A. So he has; so you have
14、 B. So he has; so have you C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have 3. So _ that no fish can live in it. （92上海） A. the lake is shallow B. shallow the lake is C. shallow is the lake D. is the lake shallow 4. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once with each other. （03全国卷Athey had quarreled Bthey have quarreled Chave they quarreled Dhad they quarreled5. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. （ NMET1995）A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize6. _ can yo
