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1、2022年考博英语-陕西师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The Space Age _in October 1957 when the first artificial satellite was launched by the Soviet Union.问题1选项A.initiatedB.originatedC.embarkedD.commenced【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项 initiate“开始，发起”，一般指活动，团体的产生；B选项originate“起源于，来自，产生”；C选项embark“上船，装船，从事”，后面常接介词on/upon；D选项com
2、mence“开始”，指重大事件及历史时期的开始。根据The Space Age（太空时代）和 the first artificial satellite（第一颗人造卫星）可知是一件重大事件，因此选D。句意：太空时代始于1957年10月，当时苏联发射了第一颗人造卫星。2. 单选题Since British settlers first occupied this country. English has been the language in the United States.问题1选项A.practicableB.prevalentC.predominantD.popular【答案】C【
3、解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项practicable adj.可用的，可行得通的；B选项prevalent adj.流行的，普遍的；C选项predominant adj.主要的，卓越的，有支配力的；D选项popular adj.流行的，通俗的。根据句意可知，自从英国殖民者第一次占领这个国家开始，英语就成为了美国的主流语言。因此，正确答案为C项。3. 单选题British scientists find that the nesting habits of 20 species of birds with the warming trend of the earths atmosphere.问
4、题1选项A.conflictB.coincideC.adaptD.approve【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项conflict v.冲突，矛盾，斗争；B选项coincide v.致，符合，同时发生；C选项adapt v.适应于；D选项approve v.批准，赞成，满意。根据句意可知，英国科学家发现二十种鸟类的筑巢习惯与地球大气的温度上升趋势一致。因此，B项符合题意。4. 单选题Before police could stop the drink-crazed driver, he had crashed_another car and sent six persons to th
5、e hospital.问题1选项A.outB.againstC.intoD.on【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。crash out表示“（因极度困倦或醉酒而）入睡，睡觉”；crash against表示“碰撞（常发出巨大的声响或造成破坏）”，against指对立；crash into“撞上，坠毁”，into指进去；have a crush on sb,表示“喜欢某人”，为固定搭配。根据the drink-crazed driver与another car可知C选项符合语义。句意：在警察还没来得及制止酒后驾车的司机，他就撞上了另一辆车，并使六个人送往医院。5. 单选题John said that
6、 he didnt quite_and asked me to repeat what I had said.问题1选项A.snatch upB.summon upC.catch onD.watch out【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项snatch up“夺取，猛然抓住”；B选项summon up“鼓起（勇气），使出（力气），唤起”；C选项catch on“理解，明白，变得流行”；D选项watch out“当心，注意”。根据asked me to repeat what I had said可推测前面指他没听明白我说的话，因此选C。句意：John说他没有太明白，要我重复我下我所说的话。
7、6. 单选题The dog has （） its affection to its new master in Chinas industries.问题1选项A.transferredB.transformedC.transportedD.transmitted【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项transferred v.转移，转让，调动；B选项transformed v.转化，变换；C选项 transported v.运输，搬运；D选项transmitted v.传输，传送，遗传。根据动词宾语its affection可知，A项符合语义和搭配。因此，A项为正确选项。句意：小狗己经将自
8、己的情感转移给了它的新主人。7. 单选题His assertion angered me.问题1选项A.statementB.questionC.successD.mistake【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。题目中assertion表示“主张；声称”；A选项statement n.声明；陈述；B选项problem n.问题；C选项success n.成功；D选项mistake n.错误。由句意可知，他的表述惹怒了我。因此，正确答案是A项。8. 单选题“Johns （）was irritating. He was reluctant even to buy bread”问题1选项A.jea
9、lousyB.sorenessC.luckD.parsimony【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据后半句He was reluctant even to buy bread.（他甚至连买个面包都很不情愿）可知，他是相当吝啬。A选项为“嫉妒”；B选项为“悲伤，痛苦”；C选项为“幸运”；D项“吝啬的，过度节俭”，因此，D项是正确答案。9. 单选题There are superstitions attached to numbers; even those ancient Greeks believed that all numbers and their multiples had some
10、mystical significance.Those numbers between 1 and 13 were in particular to have a powerful influence over the affairs of men.For example, it is commonly said that luck, good or bad, comes in threes; if an accident happens, two more of the same kind may be expected soon afterwards. The arrival of a l
11、etter will be followed by two others within a certain period.Another belief involving the number three has it that it is unlucky to light three cigarettes from the one match. If this happens, the bad luck that goes with the deed falls upon the person whose cigarette was the last to be lit. The ill-o
12、men linked to the lighting of three things from one match or candle goes back to at least the 17th century and probably earlier. It was believed that three candles alight at the same time would be sure to bring bad luck; one, two, or four, were permissible, but never just three.Seven was another sig
13、nificant number, usually regarded as a bringer of good luck. The ancient astrologers believed that the universe was governed by seven planets; students of Shakespeare will recall that the life of man was divided into seven ages. Seven horseshoes nailed to a house will protect it from all evil.Nine i
14、s usually thought of as a lucky number because it is the product of three times three. It was much used by the Anglo Saxons in their charms for healing.Another belief was that great changes occurred every 7th and 9th of a mans life. Consequently, the age of 63 (the product of nine and seven) was tho
15、ught lo be a very perilous time for him. If he survived his 63rd year he might hope to live to a ripe old age.Thirteen, as we well know, is regarded with great awe and fear.The common belief is that this derives from the fact that there were 13 people at Christs Last Supper. This being the eve of his betrayal, it is not difficult to understand the significance given to the number by the early Christian
