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1、专题复习直接引语与间接引语引述别人的原话叫直接引语，用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接 弓I语。这两种引语都是宾语从句，但直接引语放在引号内，不 用连词连接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连词与主句联接。直接引语变间接引语：1、 变人称(动词的变化可根据实际情况，可用say, tell, ask, beg 等) 如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句的人称变化。She said, “ My brother wants to go shopp ing with me.She said her brother wan ted to go shopp ing with her. 如
2、果从句中的主语或宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句 没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。He said to Kate,“ How is your sister now? ”He asked to Kate how her sister was the n.He said, “ You are too clever. ”He said to me I was too clever.He said he was too clever.He asked,“Is your father older tha n your mother? asked me
3、 if myfather is older tha n my mother. 如果从句中的主语或宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。Mr. Smith said,“ Jack (he) is a good stucteMr. Smith said Jack(he) was a good boy.2、变时态主句时态为一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时态要做相应的变化：一般现在时变为一般 过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，一般 将来时变为过去将来时现在完成时变为 过去完成时，一般过去 时变为过去完成 时，过去 完成时仍为过去完成时过去进行时仍为过去进行时某些代词，限定词，表
4、示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则如下：直接引语间接引语todaythat daynowthe n, at that mome ntyesterdaythe day beforethe day before yesterdaytwo days beforetomorrowthe next day / thefollow ing daythe day after tomorrowtwo days after, / intwo daysnext week/ month etcthe n ext week/m onthetclast week/ month etcthe week /
5、 mon th etc.beforeheretherethisthatthesethosecomegobringtake以下情况时态不变主句时态为各种现在时或般将来时He says, “I clea ned the room.He”ays he clea ned the room.直接引语是客观真理The teacher said, “ Theearth moves around the sun. ” The teacher said the earth moves around the sun.直接引语中的情态动词没有过去式或已为过去式The doctor said, “ You shoul
6、d stay in bed for 2 days. The doctor said I should better stay in bed for 2 days.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语Jack said, “Was born on April 21, 1980. ” Jack said he was bor n on April 21, 1980.直接引语如果是一般现在时，表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动 作，变成间接引语时态不变。He said, “ I get up at six every morning. He satdhe gets up at six every
7、morning.3、变状语时间状语变化：now 变为 then; yesterday 变为 the day before; today 变为 that day.He said, “I want to go swimmi ng no w.He said he wan ted to go swimmi ng the n.地点状语变化(尤其表示方向性的)：here变为thereHe said, “ You should come here at 7：-00He said l”should go there at 7:00.指示代词变化：this变为thatHe said, “ This book i
8、s mi.He safdthat book was his.4、变句型陈述句变为以that引导的宾语从句。He said, “I m very de sai”that he was very glad.一般疑问句变为以if(whether)引导的宾语从句。He said, “ Canyou come this after noon, Joh n? ” He asked if (whether) Joh n could come that after noon.特殊疑问句变为由who, what, when等疑问句引导的宾语从句。He said, “ Where is Mr. Wan? He s
9、aid where Mr. Wang was. 直接引语是祈使句变为 tell (ask, order, beg等)sb. (not) to do sth.句型“ Open the door, please, ” said she. (MSlsiaisked him (me) to ope n the door.直接引语是let 开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动名词或从句He said, “ Let s go to see the movies. ”He suggested going to see the movies.He suggested that they
10、should go to see the movies.练习一、单想选择1. Do you knowduri ng the coming summer holiday?A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did2.1 want to know.A. what is his nameB. what s his nameC. that his nameis D. what his n ame is3. Do you knowI could pass the exam?A. that B. wh
11、ether C. what D. which4. Jim doesn t understand.A. which is the way to the museum B. why his wife always goes shopp ingC. what is the way to the museumD. why does she alwaysgo shopp ing5. -Could you tell meshe is looki ng for?A. that B. whose C. who D. which6. Mr. King didn t knowyesterday evening.A
12、. whe n does his son come home B. whe n his son comes homeC. whe n did his son come home D. whe n his son came home7. Could you tell methe bike this morning?A. how does he mendB. how he mends C. how hemen dedD. how did he mend8. -1 m waitg for the mail. Do you knowit will arrive?-Usually it comes by
13、 4: 00.A. how B. where C. whe nD. what9. -Excuse me, would you please tell me?-Certainly. Go straight along here. It s next to a hospital.A. how we can get to the post office B. how can we get to the post officeC. how get to the post officeD. how could we get to thepost office10. -Can I help you?-Ye
14、s. I d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell metake to get there?A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it willD. how long will it11. He wan ted to know.A. whether he speaks at the meet ingB. whe n the meeti ngwould startC. what he s going to do at the meeting D. where would the mee
15、ti ng be held12. -Could you tell methe Bamboo Garde n?-The day after tomorrow, I thi nk.A. whe n will you visitB. whe n youwill visitC. whe n would you visitD. whe n youwould visit13. Would you please tell menext, Mr Wang?A. what should we doB. we shoulddo whatC. what we should doD. should wedo what14. You can itmagine when they received these niceChristmas prese nts.A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC.
