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1、附录一原子量相对质量表（1995年国际原子量）元素符号原子量元素符号原子量元素符号原子量元素符号原子量锕Ac227.0饵Er167.3锰Mn54.94钉Ru101.1银Ag107.9锿Es252.1钼Mo95.94硫S32.06铝Al26.98铕Eu152.0氮N14.01锑Sb121.8镅Am243.1氟F19.00钠Na22.99钪Sc44.96氩Ar39.95铁Fe55.85铌Nb92.91硒Se78.96神As74.92馈Fm257.1钕Nd144.2硅Si28.09砹At210.0钫Fr223.0氖Ne20.18彩Sm150.4金Au197.0镓Ga69.72镍Ni58.69锡Sn1
2、18.7硼B10.81钆Gd157.2错No259.1锶Sr87.62钡Ba137.3锗Ge72.59镎Np237.1但Ta180.9铍Be9.012氢H1.008氧O16.00铽Tb158.9铋Bi209.0氦He4.003饿Os190.2得Tc98.91倍Bk247.1铪Hf178.5磷P30.97碲Te127.6漠Br79.90汞Hg200.5镁Pa231.0钍Th232.0碳C12.01钦Ho164.9铅Pb207.2钛Ti47.88钙Ca40.08碘I126.9钯Pd106.4铊Tl204.4镉Cd112.4铟In114.8钷Pm144.9铥Tm168.9铈Ce140.1铱Ir192
3、.2针Po210.0铀U238.0铜Cf252.1钾K39.10错Pr140.9钒V50.94氯Cl35.45氟Kr83.30铂Pt195.1钨W183.9锔Cm247.1镧La138.9杯Pu239.1氙Xe131.2钻Co58.93锂Li6.941镭Ra226.0钇Y88.91铭Cr52.00镑Lr260.1铷Rb35.47镜Yb173.0铯Cs132.9镥Lu175.0铼Re186.2锌Zn65.38铜Cu63.55钔Md256.1铑Rh102.9锆Zr91.22镝Dy162.5镁Mg24.31氡Rn222.0附录二 不同温度下水的饱和蒸汽压温度（c）压力（kPa）温度（C）压力（kPa
4、）温度（C）压力（kPa）00.612 5345.3206828.5610.656 8355.6236929.8320.705 8365.9427031.1630.758 0376.2757132.5240.813 4386.6257233.9550.872 4396.9927335.4360.935 0407.3767435.9671.002417.7787538.5581.073428.2007640.1991.148438.6407741.88101.228449.1017843.64111.312459.5847945.47121.4024610.098047.35131.497471
5、0.618149.29141.5984811.168251.32151.7054911.748353.41161.8185012.338455.57171.9375112.968557.81182.0645213.618660.12192.1975314.298762.49202.3385415.008864.94212.4875515.748967.48222.6445616.519070.10232.8095717.319172.80242.9855818.149275.60253.1675919.019378.48263.3616019.929481.45273.5656120.8695
6、84.52283.7806221.849687.67294.0066322.859790.94304.2486423.919894.30314.4936525.009997.76324.7556626.14100101.30335.0306727.33附录三 常用酸碱溶液的浓度（15C）溶液名称密度 p (g*mL-1)含量（%）物质的量浓度（mol-L-1）盐酸1.18 1.193.6 3.811.6 12.4硝酸1.39 1.4065.0 68.014.4 15.2硫酸1.83 1.8495 9835.636.8 c (切H2SO4)磷酸1.698514.6 c (H3PO4)高氯酸1.6
7、870.0 72.011.7 12.0冰醋酸1.0599.8 （优级纯）99.0 （分析纯、化学纯）17.4氢氟酸1.134022.5氢漠酸1.4947.08.6氨水0.88 0.9025.0 28.012.9 14.8附录四弱电解质的电离常数（25C）弱电解质由离常数K弱电解质由离常数KK1 = 6.31 X 10-12H2SK1 = 1.07 X10-7HSb (OH) 6K = 2.82 X10-3K2 = 1.26 X10-13HASO2K = 6.61 X10-10HBrOK = 2.51 X10-9H3ASO4K1 = 6.03 X 10-3HClOK = 2.88 X10-8K2
8、 = 1.05 X 10-7HIOK = 2.29 X10-11K3 = 3.16 X 10-12HIO3K = 0.16H3BO3K = 5.57 X 10-16HNO2K = 7.24 X10-4K = 1.82 X 10-13H3PO4K = 7.08 X 10-3K3 = 1.58 X 10-14K2 = 6.31 X10-8H2B4O7K1 = 1.00 X 10-4K3 = 4.17 X10-13K2 = 1.00 X 10-9HSiO3K1 = 1.70 X10-10H2CO3K1 = 4.37 X 10-7K2 = 1.58 X10-12K2 = 4.68 X10-11H2SO
9、4K1 = 1.29 X10-2H2C2O4K1 = 5.37 X 10-2K2 = 6.17 X10-8K2 = 5.37 X 10-5H2S2O3K = 0.25巳崖。4K = 1.80 X10-1K = 0.03 0.02K2 = 3.16 X10-7HCOOHK = 1.77 X10-4HCNK = 6.16 X10-10CH3COOHK = 1.75 X10-5HFK = 6.61 X10-4NH3 + H2OK = 1.76 X10-5H2O2K = 2.24 X 10-12附录五常见离子和化合物的颜色一、离子1.无色离子阳离子：Na+ K+ NH4+ Mg2+ Ca2+ Ba3+
10、 Al2+ Sn4+ Pb2+ Bi3+ Ag+ Zn2+ Cd2+ Hg22+ Hg2+阴离子：BO2-C2O42-Ac-CO32-SiO32-NO3-NO2-PO43-MoO42-SO32-SO42-S2-S2O32-F-Cl-ClO3-Br-BrO3- I- SCN- CuCl2-2.有色离子Cu(H2O)4 2+浅蓝色CuC14 :2-黄色Cu(NH3)42+深蓝色Cr(H2O)62+Cr(H2O)63+Cr(H2O)5Cl2+Cr(H2O)4Cl2 +蓝色紫色浅绿色暗绿色Cr(NH3)2(H2O)43+Cr(NH3)3(H2O)33+Cr(NH3)4 (巨0)23+紫红色浅红色橙红色
11、Cr(NH3) 5H2O2+Cr(NH3)63+Cr02-CrO42-Cr2O72-橙黄色黄色绿色黄色橙色Mn(H2O)62+MnO42-Mn04-肉色绿色紫红色FeJOqW-Fe(NCS)n3-nFeCl63-FeF63-黄色血红色黄色无色Fe(H2O)62+Fe(H2O)63+Fe(CN)6 4-Fe(CN)6 3-浅绿色淡紫色黄色浅桔黄色Co(H2O)62+Co(NH3)62+Co(NH3)63+CoC1(NH3)52+粉红色黄色橙黄色红紫色Co(NH3)5(H2O)3+Co(NH3)5CO3+Co(CN)63-Co(SCN)4F粉红色紫红色紫色蓝色Ni(H2O)62+Ni(NH3)62+【3-亮绿色蓝色浅棕黄色二、化合物1.氧化物CuOCu2OAg2OZn0Hg20HgOTi02V203黑色暗红色暗棕色白色黑褐色红色或黄色白色或橙红色 黑色vo2&05C
