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1、高考二轮复习英语教案专题十五 情景交际【专题要点】情景交际考点概览:1功能意念部分包括:问候,介绍,告别,感谢和应答,祝愿、祝贺和应答,邀请和应答,提供(帮助等)和应答,约会,意原和希望,请求、允许和应答;同意和不同意,喜好和厌恶,决断和坚持,判断和意见,职责,能力,偏爱,责备和抱怨,肯定和不肯定,禁止和警告,可能和不可能,预见、猜测和相信,请求,劝告和建议,许诺,提醒,表示焦虑,表示惊奇,表示喜悦等三十余项。2情景场所部分:包括谈论天气,购物,问路和应答,问时间、日期和应答,就餐,打电话,传递信息,看病,求救,语言困难,标志和说明等十余项。【考纲要求】高考英语测试定位为语言交际能力测试,语言
2、必须放在实际的、并尽可能不同的情景中运用;语言必须适合具体的交际行为;考查的焦点在于是否达到交际目的;语言交际行为除了需要语言能力外,还需要一些其他的能力,因此考纲要求考生必须熟练掌握常见功能意念和情景场景的表达法,能用地道的英语去交流。【教法指引】培养交际能力是英语教学的目的,也是英语考试的目标。情景交际属“语言功能和话题”考核项目,分析近五年来的高考试题,高考情景对话比重加大。近年来高考英语知识运用题逐渐加大了交际英语中情景对话的比重,能较全面考查学生利用英语进行交际的能力,并考查学生对讲英语国家的社会文化背景的了解情况。高考英语试题中,单项选择题越来越注重对情景交流用语的考查,越发强调对
3、交流能力的测试。情景会话用语主要考查教学大纲中所规定的常用会话套语。考查的方式以应答为主,提问为辅;以中英文化差异明显的语言交流项目为重点考查对象,该类试题体现了以情景为条件,以对话为主要表达形式,而且既短小又灵活,前言后语连接紧凑,答语多呈现省略等特点,这就增加了答案的隐蔽性,给考生的选择带来了一定的难度;众所周知,历届高考英语科试题的命制都要遵循稳定性和连续性的原则,英语知识运用的命制原则为:1、语言必须放在实际的并尽可能不同的情景中运用;2、 语言必须适合具体的交际行为;3、考核的焦点在于是否达到交际的目的;4、语言交际行为除了需要语言能力外,还需要文化等其他的能力;从这些命题原则我们可
4、以看出全国各地的高考英语遵循了以上原则的。英语的交际性和实用性是高考考查的热点和难点,因此教师在引导学生复习备考中,应该把英语的交际性作为备考的重点,因此,高考英语备考既要掌握词汇、语法和阅读等方面的相应知识,更要在理解特定的语言情景下如何恰当地使用地道的英语表达习惯来交流思想、传递信息, 教师要求考生应特别注意对中西方文化知识的了解,通过与中国文化的对照,积累认识,养成用地道的英语对生活中各种常见问题进行提问和作答的交际习惯,所以我们必须加大对交际用语中的情景对话的研究,以期做到游刃有余。 【知识网络】 情景交际的用法1.问候: A:Good morning/afternoon/evenin
5、g. Hello/Hi. How do you do ? Nice to meet you. B:回答相同 A:How are you? B:Fine, thank you.And you? Very well,thank you. 2.介绍: This is Mr/Mrs/Miss. Id like you to meet my parents. My name is.Im a student. 3.告别 A:Goodbye.See you later/tomorrow. Good night.B:回答相同4.感谢和应答 表示感谢 通常回答 Thank you very much. Not
6、at all. Thanks a lot. Thats OK. Many thanks. Thats all right. Thanks for helping me. Youre welcome. 5.祝愿、祝贺和应答 A:Good luck! Best wishes to you. Have a nice/good time/journey. Congratulations! B:Thank you.A:Happy New Year! Merry Christmas! B:The same to you. A:Happy birthday to you. B:Thank you. 6.道歉
7、和应答 A:Im sorry.Im sorry to trouble you. B:It doesnt matter. Its not important. Thats nothing. 7.遗憾和同情 What a pity!Im sorry to hear that. 8.邀请和应答 A:Would you like to ? B:Yes, Id love to. 9.提供帮助和应答 A:Can I help you?=What can I do for you?Here, take this/my bike.Let me do it for you.B:Thanks for your h
8、elp. Yes, please. No, thanks.Thats very kind of you. 10.请求允许 A:May I.? Can I/Could I.? B:Yes/Certainly/Of course. Yes, do please. OK/All right. A:Do you mind if I open the window? B:No, not at all. 或Never mind. 11.表示同意和不同意 (1):Certainly/Sure/Of course.Yes, please. Yes, I think so. All right/OK. That
9、s a good idea. I agree with you. (2):No, I dont think so. Im afraid not. I really cant agree with you. 12.表示肯定和不肯定 1: Im sure. Im sure that. 2: Im not sure. Im not sure whether/if. Maybe. 13.喜欢和厌恶 1: I like /love.(very much) I like /love to. 2: I dont like to. I hate to . 14. 问时间、日期的应答 A:What day is
10、 it? B:Its Monday.A:Whats the date?B:Its Jan. 10th.A:Whats the time,please? B:Its five oclock/half past five. Its time to . 15.请求 (1): Can/could you.for me? Will/would you please do sth.? May I have.? (2): Please give/pass me. Please20劝告和建议I think you ought to我想你应该If I were you, Id如果我是你,我会It might b
11、e a good idea if you如果你这倒是个好主意。Have you ever thought of? 你是否想过要?I recommend that我建议I strongly advise you to我极力主张你You really ought to你的确应该Personally, I think youd better依我看,你最好Why not do? 为什么不?Why dont you do? 你为什么不?I suggest that我建议What about doing? 怎么样?How about doing? 怎么样?Shall we? 我们去好吗?Lets, sha
12、ll we? 让我们去好吗?You need (to)你需要21禁止和警告You cant你不能You mustnt你不能Youd better not你最好不Dont不要Take care! 当心!Be careful! 当心!Look out! 当心!If you, you will如果你,你将You are not allowed to不允许你16. 打电话:This is(speaking). 我是(一般不说I am)It is here. 我是May I speak to , please? 请找接电话好吗?Can I speak to , please? 请找接电话好吗?Could
13、 I speak to , please? 请找接电话好吗?Id like to speak to, please. 请找接电话好吗?Whos that (speaking / calling)? 你是谁?(不说Who are you?)Is that (speaking)? 你是吗?Is there? 在吗?Isin? 在吗?Hold on, please. 请稍等。Hold the line, please.请稍等。Can I take a message? 你可以留个口信吗?(对方要找的人不在时)Can you give/ leave a message? 你可以留个口信吗?(对方要找的
14、人不在时)Can/Could I ask who is calling? 请问您是哪位?May I have your telephone number? 您的电话号码是多少?17. 购物:What can I do for you?您要买点什么?Can I help you?您要买点什么?Whats the price of ?的价钱是多少?How much is? 多少钱?Its well worth the money. 很合算。Have you got anything a little cheaper? 有没有比这便宜点的?How much does it come to? 总共多少
15、钱?How much is it altogether? 总共多少钱?Try it for size. 试试大小。Will you show me? 请拿给我看?Have you got any? 你们有吗?Its a bit too large (small, plain. gaudy etc.) for me. 这对于我来说太大(太小,太素,太花哨等)了。Thats fine. Ill take it. 那好,我买了。Thats too expensive, Im afraid. 恐怕那太贵了。What colour do you want? 你要什么颜色?What size do you want? 你要什么尺寸的?Do you have any other kind? 你们有别的种类吗?Id like我要I want我要18. 问路和应答:Excuse me. Wheres ? 劳