《八年级英语上册 精品备课资料 （新版）人教新目标版》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《八年级英语上册 精品备课资料 （新版）人教新目标版（9页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、最新资料推荐精品备课资料Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?一、词汇学习要求：会读、会默写、记住词义二、语法解析一）一般过去时（一）be动词的一般过去时(was , were )1、 Be作为系动词时，后面跟名词、形容词、介词短语、表示地点的副词、动词不定式或动名词作表语，构成“主系表”结构。be动词的一般过去时(was , were )可以用来介绍过去某人的姓名、年龄、职业、外貌特征、性格、所处位置等。如：Last year he was a student . He was 17 and he was tall . He was outgoing . H
2、e was in Beijing then . 去年他是学生，17岁，个子很高，性格开朗，人在北京。其中，was是am / is的过去时形式，用于第一人称单数、第三人称单数、名词单数和不可数名词；were是are的过去时形式,用于第一人称复数、第二人称单复数、第三人称复数和名词复数。2. 句子构成：肯定句：主语+ was /were +表语否定句：主语+ was /were not +表语一般疑问句：as /ere+主语+表语？二）实义动词的一般过去时1、用法范围：1）谈论过去发生的动作；2）表示过去一段时间内经常反复发生的动作；3）表示在过去某一特定时间发生的几个有顺序的动作；4）谈论逝去的
3、人的事；5）用于since从句中.2、特征：句中常出现明显的表示过去的时间状语，如yesterday, yesterday morning , last year, last spring , last week , last month, last Sunday, ten days ago, in 2012, 等等；或者根据上下文能推断出是过去发生的事。3. 句子构成：肯定句：主语+实义动词的过去式+否定句：主语+didnt+实义动词的原形一般疑问句：Did+主语+实义动词的原形.?4. 动词过去式的构成：动词过去式分为两类，一类是规则动词，另一类是不规则动词。规则动词变过去式，一般动词词尾
4、加ed,具体规则如下：1）一般情况下直接在词尾加ed，如：worked, stayed, walked, cleaned, seemed2) 当动词以不发音的e结尾时，只加d，如：liked, lived , moved, 3）当动词以 “辅音字母+y”结尾时，变y为i，再加ed，如：study studied, worry worried, hurry hurried, cry cried , 4)当动词以“重读闭音节”结尾，且结尾只有一个辅音字母时，要先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加ed，如：stop stopped, shop shopped , 不规则动词的过去式，稍有一点规律，但需要一一记
5、住。如下：1）原形与过去式一样11个动词：用动词首字母记为：bcchhlpr3s,即：beat beat , cut cut; cost cost; hit hit ; hurt hurt ; let let ;put put ; read read ; shut shut ; set set ; spread spread2)原动词中的i/o/u变成a的10个：begin began ; drink drank ; give gave; ring rang ； sing sang ; sit sat ; swim swam;become became ; come came; run ran
6、; 3）用原动词中的首字母或前两三个字母加ought /aught的 4+2个：buy bought ; bring brought; fight fought ; think thought; catch caught ; teach taught ;4)尾字母d/l/0变t的4+2+1个：build built; lend lent; send sent ; spend spent; lose lost ; smell smelt/smelled; spell spelt / spelled; 5)把原动词中的i/a 变成o的动词7个：drive drove; ride rode ; ri
7、se rose ; shine shone ; write wrote; win won ; wake woke 6）原动词中的“ea+辅音字母”变成“o +辅音字母+e ”的5个：bear bore; wear wore； break broke ; speak spoke ; steal stole 7）结尾加t /ed的动词4个：burn burnt / burned; dream dreamt/ dreamed ; learn learnt / learned; mean meant ;8) ow变ew的动词 6个：blow blew ; draw drew ; fly flew gr
8、ow grew ; know knew ; throw threw 9)双ee去一个，结尾加字母 t的 3个：feel felt ; keep kept ; sleep slept; 10) 双ee去一个，结尾不加字母的 3个feed fed ; meet met ; speed sped/ speeded;11)原动词中的i/a变成 u的3个：dig dug ; hang hung ; stick stuck ; 12) 原动词中的e变成 o的2个：get got ; forget forgot ;13)过去式变成oo的5个：take took ; mistake mistook ; sha
9、ke shook ;stand stood ; understand understood;14)ell变成 old的2个：sell sold ; tell told 15)把 y变 i，再加d的3个：lay laid ; pay paid ; say said ; 16）其他am/is was ; are were ; choose chose ; do did ; eat ate ; fall fell ; find found ; go went ; have had ; hear heard; hide hid ; hold held ; lead led ; leave left ;
10、 lie lay ; light lit/ lighted; make made; see saw ; 三）典型考题1. You havent said a word about my new coat. Do you like it?Im sorry I _ anything about it just now. I certainly think its pretty on you. (适合)A. wasnt saying B. dont say C. wont say D. didnt say解析：答案选 D。just now刚才，是一般过去时用语，用一般过去时。 2. I though
11、t Jim would say something about his school report, but he _nothing. A. says B. has said C. didnt say D. hasnt said解析：答案选 C。根据上文I thought知道本句谈论的是过去发生的事，而且只描述过去所发生的情况，没有强调对现在的影响，故用一般过去时。3. I _ while watching TV. Then my mother told meto go to bed .A. had fallen asleep B. have fallen asleepC. fell asle
12、ep D. fall asleep解析：答案选 C。由上下文可知大意，即：我在看电视的过程中睡着了，然后妈妈就叫我去睡觉了。只是描述过去某个时间发生的情况，所以用一般过去时。4、-Tom has gone to Beijing .- Do you know when he ?A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left解析：答案选 D。when通常都不与完成时连用，排除B和C；根据上文“Tom has gone to Beijing汤姆已经去北京了”可以判断，“离开”此地发生在过去某个时间，而且已经离开， A表示“正在离开或将要离开”，与语境不符
13、。5. I _ you not to move my dictionary-now I cant find it. A. askedB. askC. was askingD. had asked解析：答案选 A。由now可知前句的意思是：我曾经叫你不要搬动我的词典的 (你偏不听)。“叫”是在过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。6. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _ yesterday. A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened解析：答案选 D。根据句中的yesterday可
14、知，要用一般过去时。. My cousin went to Canada two yours ago. He _ there for a few months and then went to America. A. worked B. would work C. would be working D. has been working解析：答案选 A。句中的三个动作去加拿大、在那儿住了几年、然后去了美国是连续发生的动作，描述三个动作的时态应一致，由于前后两个动作用的都是一般过去时；而且句中时间状语two yours ago也明确指出了动作发生在过去；所以，中间的“在那儿住了几年”应用一般过去时。. I know a li
