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1、第九节：非谓语动词用作宾语和宾语补足语一、非谓语动词(短语作动词宾语1.要求动词+ing作宾语的动词 有些动词只要求动词+ing作宾语,这类动词有： admit, advise, advocate, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, consider,delay, deny, endure, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, imagine, include, involve, justify, keep, mind, miss, pard on, permit, postp one, preve nt, qu
2、it, regret, require, rese nt, resist, risk, stop, suggest, un dersta nd, cant help (could nt help, sta n等,例女口 : I could nt help feeli ng proud of our coun try. Some one suggested orga nizing an outi ng to the Western Hills某 些动词词组也 要求动词+ing作宾语，例如：give up, leave off, put off (注：这些动词短语均为动词+副 词结构以及 arou
3、nd to, be accustomed to, be used to, be opposed to, devote to, feel like,look forward to, object to, resort to, submit to 等。例女口 : Mr. Smith gave up smoking according to his doctors advice. Do you feel like having a walk with us in the woods by the sea? Some people in the rich world are opposed to do
4、ing bus in ess with poor coun tries. 有时在形容词后面也要求用动词 +ing,例如:busy, worth, worthwhile等。例如：Is it worthwhile making such an experiment?还有在 Point, trouble, difficulty 等名词后,也 用动词 +ing。例女口 : There is not much point (in thinking about it. America n bus in essme n have difficulty (in un dersta nding their Ja
5、pa nese coun terparts注:在 its no use, its not much use, its no good后要求用动词+ing。但是在it is of no use后则要用动词不定 式。例女口 : Its no use crying about it. You must do someth in g. Its no good writi ng to him; he n ever an swers letters. Its of no use to cry over spilt milk. 2 要求动词不定式作宾语 的动词 有些动词后面可以跟动词不定式，这类动词有：af
6、ford, agree, aim, arrange, ask, assist, attempt,(ca nt bear, beg, beg in, bother, care cease, choose, claim, continue, dare, decide, dema nd, deserve, desire, determ ine, dislike, en deavour, expect, fail, fear, forget, hate, help, hesitate, hope, inten d, learn, like, l on g, love, man age, mea n,n
7、 eed, n eglect, offer, plan, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, propose,refuse, regret, remember, require, seek, start, strive, swear, tend, think,threaten, try, undertake, want, wis等。例女口 : Dont hesitate to ask me questions if you dont understand. He endeavoured to adopt a positive but realistic att
8、itude to the issue. Philip politely pretended not to have heard this remark.3.在有些动词后面既可以跟动词+ing,也可以跟动词不定式这类动词有：attempt,(can tbear, beg in, cease, con ti nue, deserve, dislike, dread, fear,forget, hate, inten d, like, love, need, neglect, plan, prefer, propose, regret,remember, require, start, try, w
9、a等0 在有些动词后面，两种结构之间的意义差别不大。例如：He prefers writing (to write an outl ine before he writes a summary. He had really in ten ded stayi ng (to stay longe但 在某些动词之后，两种结构之间的意义差别较明显：We must try to solve this problem. 我们必须设法解决这个问题。We can try solvi ng this problem in other ways.我们可以试用另一些方法来解决这一问题。I must remember
10、 to pay you for the ticket.我一定要记住把电影票的钱支付给你。这类词还有forget, mea n, regret等。dema nd,deserve, need, require, wan等词既可以要求动词+ing作宾语，也可以要求动词不定 式的被动式作宾语。例女口 : Johns house in the country wants painting. Johns house in the country wants to be painted这两种结构意义相同。还有像 go on, stop这类动词如果后接动词+ing则表示继续(做某事或停止(做某事;而如果后接动
11、词不定式则表 示前面一个动作已结束或停止，继之做另一个动作。例如：The robot first reads the engin eeri ngdrawing and then goes on to assemble the par机器人首先阅读工程图纸 ,然后根 据图约安装零部件。Some stude nts went on worki ng on their exam in ati on whe n thebell rang.当铃声响的时候，一些学生还在继续做考试题。二、非谓语动词作宾语补足语要求动词不定式做宾语补足语的动词有：feel, have, hear, let, listen t
12、o, look at,make, notice, observe, se和 watch。在这些动词后面，做宾语补足语的动词不定式不 带 to。例女口 : Ill try to get some one repair the recorder for you. Electricity makes the motor run.但是当这些动词用于被动语态时，后面的动词不定式则必须带to： The motor is made to run by electricity.在 cannot but, do nothing but (except, had better, had best, rather
13、than, would rathe。.than 和 would sooner than等结构后要求不带 to 的？动 词不定式。例如：I have done nothing except do what I should要求动词+ing(短语作宾 语补足语的动词有 :discover, feel, find, have, hear, keep, leave, like, need, notice, observe, report, see, smell, spot, want, watc等。例女口 : Male secretaries sometimes find themselves mis
14、take n for higher status professi on als. You can have your tape recorderrepaired in the shop over there其中在 see, hear, feel, observe, watch, notic等动词后, 既可以用不定式作宾语补足语，也可以用动词+ing作宾语补足语。前者强调动作发 生的？事实(即动作全部过程结束，后者则强调动作的进行过程(即动作正在进行。 Tom saw his pare nts get into the car and drive off. I saw him making t
15、he experime n注： 如果是过去分词作宾语补足语，则表示过去分词所表示的动作在谓语？动词所表示的 动作发生之前已经完成。例如：We fou nd the work completely done. Exercise 9-I Fill in the bla nks with proper verb forms: 1. The team really looks good toni ght because the coach had them(parctise every ni ght this week. 2. We will have you(know that the machi
16、nehas bee n made(work at full speed. 3. The injured man could do nothingbut(wait for the doctor to arrive. 4. You had better(reserve your seats today ifyou want to go to the game. 5. We would rather put the meeting off than(hold itwithout adequate preparati on. 6. She likes to(liste nto the rain(patter on thewin dow-pa nes. 7. I would like you(bring the book which I lent you three mon thsago. 8. If your pencil is let(dro
