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1、2022年考博英语-西南大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题The truck driver was fined for exceeding the speed （ ）.问题1选项A.rangeB.limitC.ruleD.regulation【答案】B【解析】考察名词词义辨析。range“范围”；limit“限制界限”； rule “规定，规则”；regulation意为“规定，规则”。句意：卡车司机由于超速而被罚了款。选项B符合题意。2. 单选题Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things-physic
2、al objects that can be seen, held, felt, used-that a culture produces. Examining a cultures tools and technology can tell us about the groups history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of “things” i
3、n it, of course, are musical instrument. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kin
4、ds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments, pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern
5、influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments on the symphony orchestra.Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research show m
6、utual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-re
7、aching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.Music is deep-rooted in the cultural background that fosters it. We now pay more and more attention to traditional or ethnic features in folk music and are willing to preserve the folk music as we do with man
8、y traditional cultural heritages. Musicians all over the world are busy with recording classic music in their country for the sake of their unique culture. As always, peoples aspiration will always focus on their individuality rather than universal features that are shared by all cultures alike.One
9、more important part of musics material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media-radio, record player, tape recorder, and television, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the information-revolution, a twentieth
10、 century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modem nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.1.Which of the following does not belong to material culture?2.The word phonograph (Line 6, Paragraph 1)
11、 most probably means （ ）.3.The main idea of the first paragraph is（ ）.4.Which of the following is NOT an advantage of printed music?5.From the third paragraph, we may infer that（ ）.问题1选项A.InstrumentsB.Music.C.Paintings.D.Sheet music.问题2选项A.record playerB.radioC.musical techniqueD.music- culture问题3选项
12、A.the importance, of cultural tools and technologyB.the cultural influence of the development of civilizationC.the focus of the study of the material culture of musicD.the significance of the research into the musical instruments问题4选项A.Reading of music notation has a great impact on musicians.B.Peop
13、le may draw inspiration from it.C.The music culture will be influenced by it in the end.D.Songs tend to be standardized by it.问题5选项A.traditional cultural heritage is worthy of preservationB.the universal features shared by all cultures arent worthy of notice.C.musicians pay more attention to the pre
14、servation of traditional music.D.the more developed a culture, the more valuable the music it has fostered【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.文章第一段第一句对物质文化下了定义：文化中产生的能看到、摸到、感觉到使用的自然物体（physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used-that a culture produces）。该段接下来提到乐器是音乐文化中的物质载体（The most vivid body
15、 of “things” in it, of course, are musical instrument），所以选项A可以排除；第一段还提到图片、文字记载都属于物质文化（Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments, pictured in art），选项C可以排除；第二段第一句Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture提到乐谱也是物质文化，选项D可以排除。因此选项B符合题意。2.题干中的phonograph出现在第一段：We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented，so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. 在phonograph被发明之前，我们听不到任何音乐表演的声音，只能通
