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1、2022年考博英语-西安电子科技大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题The _ of tests in the United States institutions can be a new and frightening experience for many foreign students.问题1选项A.presenceB.frequencyC.efficiencyD.confidence【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. presence 存在；出席 B. frequency 发生率；出现率C. efficiency 效率；效能 D. confidence 信心；信任【答
2、案】A【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】句意：对许多外国学生来说，美国教育机构考试的可能是一种新的可怕的经历。根据句意，应该是这些考试的存在让外国学生感到害怕。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句意。【句意】对许多外国学生来说，在美国院校进行考试可能是一种新的、令人恐惧的经历。2. 翻译题中国具有数倍于法国（France）那么大的面积（area）。【答案】The area of China is several times the size of that of France.3. 翻译题Professor Kumar Bhatt, founder and head of Warwi
3、ck Manufacturing Group (WMG), and Rob Meakin, a personnel director at Marconi, have developed a partnership to train engineers and managers to become e-literate. The New Knowledge Partnership will include a team of 40 Marconi managers in what Professor Bhatt calls electronic engineering management o
4、r E2. A wide range of engineering and non-engineering companies has expressed interest in these exciting programs.Professor Bhatt believes that e-commerce is changing the business environment to a huge extent. Many chief executives do not understand the power of the new technologies and, in some cas
5、es, are actually resisting change. He says that “As long as enough industry leaders realize its potential benefits, e-business will make possible a second productivity revolution in Britain. This could take the economy close to eliminating the still substantial competitiveness gap with its main riva
6、ls. Over the last five years in the US there has been a 30% improvement in manufacturing sector productivity because of information technology. In Britain we can achieve more than that and successful e-business will be worth billions to the UK economy.” Already Britain makes more use of computer-aid
7、ed design and manufacture (CAD/CAM) and management information technology systems than other European countries, and has a government that actively promotes e-business. But, observes Professor Bhatt, Britain has never used technology as a growth driver. “The thing about electronic engineering manage
8、ment is that you can keep your legacy systems; you just need to link those systems with an information engine. At the touch of a button it will allow project managers to see the status of a project, identify problems precisely and make virtually immediate decisions based on information that will be
9、much more complete than in the past.” The E2 program is the result of an alliance by the Warwick Manufacturing Group with Americas leading e-commerce study center, Carnegie Mellon. The latter will be responsible for training many of the Marconi managers in America, where the group has half its busin
10、ess. In Britain, Professor Bhatt has linked up with Sun Microsystems, Oracle and Parametric Technology, to set up a multi-million pound E2 design and manufacturing center at the university which will be used for training and research.Professor Bhatt believes that e-commerce is changing business to s
11、uch an extent that WMG is likely to be renamed Warwick Electronic Manufacturing Group. But, he warns: “The move to globalize because of e-commerce is racing ahead. Although the net allows British industry to overtake their European peers, it also offers Asian countries to leapfrog (互相超越) the West. F
12、or the first time it is not the privilege of the Western world because this technology is universal.【答案】华威制造集团（Warwick Manufacturing Group，WMG）创始人兼负责人库马尔巴特（Kumar Bhatt）教授与马可尼公司（Marconi）人事主管罗布米金（Rob Meakin）建立了合作关系，培养工程师和管理人员掌握电子技术。新知识伙伴关系将包括一个由40名马可尼经理组成的团队，巴特教授称之为电子工程管理或E2。许多工程和非工程公司都对这些令人兴奋的项目表示了兴趣
13、。巴特教授认为，电子商务在很大程度上改变了商业环境。许多首席执行官不了解新技术的力量，在某些情况下，他们实际上是在抵制变革。他说：“只要有足够多的行业领袖认识到电子商务的潜在好处，电子商务将使英国有可能发生第二次生产力革命。”这可能会使日本经济接近于消除与主要竞争对手之间仍然巨大的竞争力差距。在过去的五年中，由于信息技术的发展，美国制造业的生产率提高了30%。在英国，我们可以实现更多，成功的电子商务将对英国经济产生数十亿美元的价值。”英国已经比其他欧洲国家更多地使用计算机辅助设计和制造（CAD/CAM）和管理信息技术系统，而且英国政府积极推动电子商务。但据巴特教授观察，英国从未将科技作为增长动
14、力。“关于电子工程管理，你可以保留你的遗留系统；你只需要用一个信息引擎把这些系统连接起来。只要按下一个按钮，项目经理就可以看到项目的状态，精确地识别问题，并根据比过去更完整的信息做出几乎立即的决定。”E2项目是华威制造集团（Warwick Manufacturing Group）与美国领先的电子商务研究中心卡内基梅隆大学（Carnegie Mellon）结盟的结果。后者将负责培训马可尼在美国的许多经理，该集团在美国有一半的业务。在英国，巴特教授与太阳微系统公司、甲骨文公司和参数技术公司合作，在大学建立了一个价值数百万英镑的E2设计和制造中心，用于培训和研究。巴特教授认为，电子商务正在改变商业，
15、以至于WMG很可能更名为华威电子制造集团。但他警告称：“电子商务带来的全球化步伐正在加快。虽然网络允许英国工业取代它们的欧洲同行,它还提供了亚洲国家超越。这是第一次不是西方世界的特权，因为这项技术是普遍的。4. 单选题Oil companies in the U.S. are already beginning to feel the pressure. Refinery workers and petroleum-equipment-manufacturing, employees are being _.问题1选项A.laid outB.laid offC.laid downD.laid
16、aside【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. laid out 展示；安排 B. laid off 解雇；休息C. laid down 放下；制定 D. laid aside 搁置；储蓄【答案】B【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】句意：美国的石油公司已经开始感受到压力。炼油工人和石油设备制造业的雇员正在被。根据逻辑，公司受到压力时，有可能进行裁员，因此这些雇佣员工可能被解雇。因此选B。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。【句意】美国的石油公司已经开始感受到压力。炼油工人和石油设备制造业的雇员正在被解雇。5. 单选题Frustrated with delays in Sacramento, Ba
