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1、2022年考博英语-中国人民大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题Today scientists have a greater understanding of genetics and its role in（ ）organisms.问题1选项A.liveB.lifeC.livingD.alive【答案】C【解析】形近词辨析。live活的，实况转播的;life生活;living活的，现存的，逼真的；alive活着的，有生气的。句意：现如今科学家们对遗传学及其在生物体中的作用有了更深入的了解。填空处修饰organisms，选项C正确且符合句意。2. 单选题Our car t
2、runk（ ） with suitcases and we could hardly make room for anything.问题1选项A.went crammingB.was crammedC.is crammingD.was been crammed【答案】B【解析】be crammed with为固定搭配，意为“被填满”。选项B表述正确。3. 单选题The（ ） emphasis on exams is by far the wont form of competition in schools.问题1选项A.negligentB.edibleC.fabulousD.disprop
3、ortionate【答案】D【解析】negligent疏忽的；edible可食用的；fabulous极好的；disproportionate不成比例的。句意：到目前为止，过分强调考试是学校竞争的惯常形式。选项D符合句意。4. 单选题Tom and Alice（ ） having a new car to replace their old one for years.问题1选项A.has been dreaming ofB.have been dreaming ofC.has dreamedD.will have dreamed【答案】B【解析】根据句意可知谓语应该用复数，首先排除选项A和C，
4、再根据“for years”可知，应用现在完成时，所以选项B正确。5. 单选题Since his injury was serious, the doctor suggested that he（ ） in the game.问题1选项A.did not playB.must not playC.not playD.not to play【答案】C【解析】suggest表建议时用虚拟语气，用should+动词原形，should可省略，所以选项C正确。6. 单选题If each of us does our part little by little, we can（ ） the lifespa
5、n of our planet and ourselves.问题1选项A.enlargeB.expandC.increaseD.grow【答案】C【解析】考查近义词辨析。enlarge 扩大，放大；expand扩张，使膨胀；increase增加，延长；grow发展，生长。句意：如果我们每一个人都能够一点一点地做好我们的本职工作，那么我们赖以生存的星球和我们自己本身的寿命会延长。本题想表达的是寿命的延长，increase有“延长”的意思，故答案C。7. 单选题The annual （ ）of the department store starts tomorrow.问题1选项A.stocking
6、B.stocktakingC.stockpilingD.stockholding【答案】B【解析】形近词辨析。stocking长袜；stocktaking 盘点存货；stockpiling贮存，囤积；stockholding 持有股票或证券。句意：百货公司的年度盘点明天开始。选项B符合句意。8. 写作题Write an essay of about 200 words on the topic : “China Is not Ready for E-education”(E-education : a type of education conducted in the environment
7、 of the Internet with the guidance of modern educational theories). Write your essay on your Answer Sheet II.【答案】China Is not Ready for E-education9. 单选题The little girl is ignorant （ ）the basic rules of English grammar.问题1选项A.forB.ofC.withD.against【答案】B【解析】固定搭配。ignorant of意为“不知道, 不了解”，为固定搭配。选项B正确。10
8、. 单选题Guthries contiguity principle offers practical suggestions for how to break habits.One application of the threshold method involves the time young children spend on academic activities. Young children have short attention spans, so the length of time they can sustain work on one activity is lim
9、ited. Most activities are scheduled to last no longer than 30 to 40 minutes. However, at the start of the school year, attention spans quickly wane and behavior problems often result. To apply Guthries theory, a teacher might, at the start of the year, limit activities to 15 to 20 minutes. Over the
10、next few weeks the teacher could gradually increase the time students spend working on a single activity.The threshold method also can be applied to teaching printing and handwriting. When children first learn to form letters, their movements are awkward and they lack fine motor coordination. The di
11、stances between lines on a page are purposely wide so children can fit the letters into the space. If paper with narrow lines is initially introduced, students letters would spill over the borders and students might become frustrated. Once students can form letters within the larger borders, they ca
12、n use paper with smaller borders to help them refine their skills.The fatigue method can be applied when disciplining disruptive students who build paper airplanes and sail them across the room. The teacher can remove the students from the classroom, give them a large stack of paper, and tell them t
13、o start making paper airplanes. After the students have made several airplanes, the activity should lose its attraction and paper will become a cue for not building airplanes.Some students continually race around the gym when they first enter their physical education class. To employ the fatigue met
14、hod, the teacher might decide to have these students continue to run a few more laps after the class has begun.The incompatible response method can be used with students who talk and misbehave in the media center. Reading is incompatible with talking. The media center teacher might ask the students
15、to find interesting books and read them while in the center. Assuming that the students find the books enjoyable, the media center will, over time, become a cue for selecting and reading books rather than for talking with other students.In a social studies class some students regularly fall asleep. The teacher realized that using the board and overhead projector while lecturing was very boring. Soon the teacher began to incorporate other e
