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1、Unit5 What are the shirts made of?重点语法:被动语态英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态和_语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态的结构：be+PP1.一般现在时的被动语态: am / is / are + 过去分词She waters the flowers after school. The flowers _ _by _ after school.2. 一般过去时的被动语态 : was / were + 过去分词Guo Jingming wrote the book . The book _ _ _Guo Jingmin
2、g.3. 一般将来时的被动语态 will be +过去分词 The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon. A talk _ _ _ _the headmaster this afternoon. 4. 现在进行时的被动语态 am/is/are+being+过去分词The driver is repairing the car. The car _ _ _ _the driver.5. 过去进行时的被动语态 was/were+being+过去分词My father was painting the wall. The wall _ _ _ by
3、father.6. 现在完成时的被动语态： has /have been + 过去分词We have read the book. The book _ _ _ by _.7. 过去完成时的被动语态： had been + 过去分词He had invited me to visit Japan before I came here. I _ _ _to visit Japan before I came here.8. 含有情态动词的被动语态: can / may /must /should +过去分词Students should do their homework. Their home
4、work _ _ _ _students.被动语态的特殊情况：(一) make/ let /have sb. do sth. ； see/hear/ watch / notice sb. do sth变成被动语态时，后面的动词原形前需加to. ： be made / seen / heard / watched / noticed to do sth. 被迫 / 被看见 / 被听见 / 被观看 被注意 做某事1.The boss made his workers work day and night. The workers were made to work day and night.2.
5、 I see him stand there He is seen to stand there by me.2. His doctor makes him have two meals a day. -He is _ _ _ two meals a day.（使役感官真奇怪，to去to来令人猜，主动语态to离开，被动语态to回来。）练习：请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。v 1.The farmer made the horses work the whole day.v The horses_ _ _ _the whole day.v 2.I saw a mouse run into the
6、room.v A mouse _ _ _ _ into the room.v 3.I saw Lucy play in the park just now.v Lucy_ _ _ _in the park just now.v 4. I often hear her sing this popular song .v She_often_ _ _ this popular song by_.(二)当动词带双宾语时give sb.sth ; show sb sth , pass sb sth , lend sb sth 时，有两种改法：1）将其中指人的宾语被动句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来
7、。 sb .be given sth ; sb be showed sth; sb be passed sth; sb.be lent sth. Eg: I give Tom a book . Tom is given a book by me. He buys his sister a bag. His sister _ _ a bag by him.2) 将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for” 。常见加to的动词有常见加for的动词有make, draw, buy sth be given to sb.; sth be showed to sb; s
8、th be passed to sb; sth be lent to sb.Eg：I give Tom a book . A book is given _Tom by me.再如：He bought me a book.I was bought a book by him. （以人I做主语）A book was bought for me by him. （以物book作主语）练习：1.Lily gave us some wonderful stamps. （1）_ _ _some wonderful stamps by Lily（2）Some wonderful stamps_ _ _ _
9、 by Lily双宾语，很奇特，被动语态有两个，用人简单用物难，难在人前to, for添常见的接双宾语的动词有:to: (1)pass sb sth=pass sth to sb (2) give sb sth= give sth. to sb (3)teach sb sth=teach sth to sb, (4)show sb sth=show sth to sb (5) bring sb sth=bring sth to sb, (6)send sb sth=send sth to sb(7)hand sb sth =hand sth to sb (8) sell sb sth=sell
10、 sth to sb (9) take sb sth =take sth to sb(10) write sb sth=write sth to sbfor: (1) make sb sth= make sth for sb (2) buy sb sth =buy sth for sb (3) get sb sth= get sth for sb(4) cook sb sth =cook sth for sb (5) keep ab sth=keep sth for sb (6) sing sb sth=sing sth for sb(7) find sb sth=find sth for s
11、b (8) mend sb sth=mend sth for sb (9)perform sb sth=perform sth for sb既可用for也可用to的词:read练习：把主动语态变为被动语态。（两种办法）1.He bought me a present yesterday._ _2.My mother made me a big birthday cake last night._ _3.I have written him a letter._ _4.Our teacher taught us a new song last week._ _5.She reads her so
12、n a story every day._ _三、在某些“不及物动词+介词/副词”(相当于及物动词短语)的句子中，变被动语态时，动词短语要看做一个整体，千万不要漏掉介词或副词。Eg. People often talk about that film. That film is often talked about.练习：改正下列转换中的错误：1.We shouldnt give up the work. 误：The work shouldnt be given . 正：2.Lily looked after the baby. 误：The baby was looked by Lily. 正：四It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“Itbe过去分词t
