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1、胡壮麟语言学教程（修订版）测试题第一章：语言学导论I. Choose the best answer. (20%)1. Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for humanA. contactC. relationB. communicationD. community2. Which of the following words is entirely arbitrary?A. treeC. crashB. typewriterD. bang3. The function ofthe sentence “ Waterbo
2、ils at 100 degrees Centigrade. i”sA. interrogativeC. informativeB. directiveD. performative4. In Chinese when someone breaks a bowl or a plate the host or the people present are likely to say “碎碎(岁岁)平安 ”asa means of controlling the forces which they believes feel might affect their lives. Which func
3、tions does it perform?A. InterpersonalC. PerformativeB. EmotiveD. Recreational5. Which of the following property of language enables language users to overcome the barriers caused by time and place, due to this feature of language, speakers of a language are free to talk about anything in any situat
4、ion?A. TransferabilityC. DisplacementB. DualityD. Arbitrariness6. Study the following dialogue. What function does it play according to the functionsof language? A nice day, isnt it?Right! I really enjoy the sunlight.A. EmotiveC. PerformativeB. PhaticD. Interpersonal7. refers to the actual realizati
5、on of the ideal language usesr knowledgeof the rules of his language in utterances.A. PerformanceC. LangueB. CompetenceD. Parole8. When a dog is barking, you assume it is barking for something or at someone that exists hear and now.It couldn t be sorrowful for some lost love or lost bone. This indic
6、ates the design feature of .A. cultural transmissionB. productivityC. displacementD. duality9. answers such questions as how we as infants acquire our firstlanguage.A. Psycholinguistics B. Anthropological linguisticsC. Sociolinguistics D. Applied linguistics10. deals with language application to oth
7、er fields, particularlyeducation.A. Linguistic theory B. Practical linguisticsC. Applied linguisticsD. Comparative linguisticsII. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. (10%)11. Language is a means of verbal communication. Therefore, the communication way used by the deaf-mute is
8、 not language.12. Language change is universal, ongoing and arbitrary.13. Speaking is the quickest and most efficient way of the human communication systems.14. Language is written because writing is the primary medium for all languages.15. We were all born with the ability to acquire language, whic
9、h means the details of any language system can be genetically transmitted.16. Only human beings are able to communicate.17. . De Saussure, who made the distinction between langue and parole in the early 20th century, was a French linguist.18. A study of the features of the English used in Shakespear
10、e s time is an exampleof the diachronic study of language.19. Speech and writing came into being at much the same time in human history.20. All the languages in the world today have both spoken and written forms.III. Fill in the blanks. (10%)21. Language, broadly speaking, is a means of communicatio
11、n.22. In any language words can be used in new ways to mean new things and can be combined into innumerable sentences based on limited rules. This feature is usually termed .23. Language has many functions. We can use language to talk about itself. This function is .24. Theory that primitive man mad
12、e involuntary vocal noises while performing heavy work has been called the theory.25. Linguistics is the study of language.26. Modern linguistics is in the sense that the linguist tries to discoverwhat language is rather than lay down some rules for people to observe.27. One general principle of lin
13、guistic analysis is the primacy of overwriting.28. The description of a language as it changes through time is a study.29. Saussure put forward two important concepts. refers to the abstractlinguistic system shared by all members of a speech community.30. Linguistic potential is similar to Saussure
14、s langue and Chomsky s IV. Explain the following terms, using examples. (20%)31. Design feature32. Displacement33. Competence34. Synchronic linguisticsV. Answer the following questions. (20%)35. Why do people take duality as one of the important design features of human language? Can you tell us wha
15、t language will be if it has no such design feature? (南开大学， 2004 )36. Why is it difficult to define language? (北京第二外国语大学， 2004)VI. Analyze the following situation. (20%)37. How can a linguist make his analysis scientific? (青岛海洋大学， 1999)第二章：语音I. Choose the best answer. (20%)1. Pitch variation is known as when its patterns are imposed on sentences.A. intonation B. tone C. pronunciation D. voice2. Conventionally a is put in slashes (/ /).A. allophone B. phone C. phoneme D. morpheme3. An aspirated p, an unaspirated p and an unreleased p are of the
