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1、阅读理解：At the Kyoto conference on global warming in December 1997，it became abundantly clear how complex it has become to work out international agreements relating to the environment because of economic concerns unique to each country. It is no longer enough to try to forbid certain activities or to
2、reduce emissions of certain substances. The global challenges of the interlink between the environment and development increasing bring us to the core of the economic life of states. During the late 1980s we were able，through international agreements，to make deep cuts in emissions harmful to the ozo
3、ne layer. These reductions were made possible because substitutions had been found for many of the harmful chemicals and，more important，because the harmful substances could be replaced without negative effects on employment and the economies of states.Although the threat of global warming has been k
4、nown to the world for decades and all countries and leaders agree that we need to deal with the problem，we also know that the effects of measures，especially harsh measures taken in some countries，would be nullified（抵消）if other countries do not control their emissions. Whereas the UN team on climate
5、change has found that the emissions of carbon dioxide would have to be cut globally by 60% to stabilize the content of CO，in the atmosphere，this path is not feasible for several reasons. Such deep cuts would cause a breakdown of the world economy. Important and populous（人口众多的）low-or medium-income co
6、untries are not yet willing to undertake legal commitments about their energy uses. In addition，the state of world technology would not yet permit us to make such a big leap.We must，however，find a solution to the threat of global warming early in the 21st century. Such a commitment would require a d
7、egree of shared vision and common responsibilities new to humanity. Success lies in the force of imaginations，in imagining what would happen if we fail to act. Although many living in cold regions would welcome the global-warming effect of a warmer summer，few would cheer the arrival of the subsequen
8、t tropical diseases，especially where there had been none.51. The main purpose of this passage is to .A. analyze the problem of global warmingB. argue against making deep cuts in emissionsC. convince people that global warming is a real threatD. criticize some countries for refusing to cut down emiss
9、ions harmful to the ozone layer52. The reason why it is difficult to get rid of the threat of global warming is that .A. not all the countries are willing to make deep cuts in emissionsB. many people welcome the global-warming effect of a warmer summerC. the leaders of many countries are not fully a
10、ware of the gravity of the problemD. world technology is not able to solve the problem53. In the passage the author implies that .A. the world has recently become aware of the threat of global warmingB. the problem of global warming has largely been solvedC. it is always difficult to work out intern
11、ational agreements to cut down emission harmful to the ozone layerD. it is no longer easy to reach international agreements relating to the environment54. According to the author，it is impossible at present to cut 60% of carbon dioxide emissions globally because .A. some people are irresponsibleB. i
12、t would cause a collapse of the world economyC. it is only a goal to be reached in the futureD. some people are lacking in imagination55. What should all countries do to help solve the problem of global warming？A. They should hold another world conference on climate change.B. They should provide adv
13、anced technology.C. They should replace all the harmful substances.D. They should willingly undertake legal commitments about their energy uses.答案解析：1997年12月在东京召开了关于全球变暖的会议，很明显：制定与环境有关的国际协议已经变得相当复杂，是因为各个国家独特的经济因素。试图禁止某些活动或削减某些物质排放的做法已经远远不够了。环境与发展相互联合的全球性挑战逐渐把我们带到国家经济生活的核心上来。20世纪80年代末，我们可以通过国际协议大幅度削减
14、有害物质向臭氧层的排放。我们之所以能够削减，是因为许多可以替代有害化学物的东西已经被发现，更重要的是，有害物质可以被代替而且不会给各国的就业和经济带来负作用。尽管人们知道全球变暖的威胁已有几十年，而且所有的国家和领导人都赞同我们需要处理这个问题，但是，我们也知道，如果其他国家不控制他们的有害物质排放，采取的措施，尤其是一些国家采取的紧急措施将会被抵消。虽然联合国气候变化小组发现：为了稳定大气一氧化碳的含量，全球二氧化碳的排放量必须减少60，但是，由于一些原因显示这种做法不切实际。这样大幅度地削减将引起世界经济的崩溃。那些重要的、人口众多的中低收入的国家不愿意对自己的能源消耗承担法律义务。另外，
15、世界技术水平还不允许我们做如此大的改进。当然，我们必须在21世纪早期找到对付全球变暖威胁的解决方案。这样的义务要求人们达成一定程度的共识，承担共同的新责任。成功取决于想象力，取决于“如果我们不这样做会发生什么”。尽管生活在寒带的许多人会欢迎由于全球变暖导致的更温暖的夏天，但是，很少有人会喜欢随之而来的热带疾病，尤其是那些从未有过这些疾病的地区的人们。51. 【正确答案】A【考点类型】主旨判断【解析过程】文章的主要目的是 。A. 分析全球变暖的问题B. 反对大幅度减少释放物C. 使人们相信全球变暖确实是一个威胁D. 批评一些国家拒绝减少危害臭氧层的释放物线索1：文章的第1段提到“At the K
16、yoto conference on global warming in December 1997.”线索2：文章的第3段提到“We must，however，find a solution to the threat of global warming early in the 21st century.”表明选项A应该是正确答案。【考点提示】本文是一篇问题解决型的文章，文章的结构是提出问题，分析问题产生的原因，给出解决问题的办法，对办法进行评价。本文提出的问题是“全球变暖”，之后提出了解决办法，但因为经济的原因，解决方法并没有得到彻底的贯彻，对此作者作了详细的分析。所以，本文的主题应该是分析全球变暖问题。52. 【正确答案】A【考点
