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1、2007 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Intelligent Agent TechnalogyIntroducing Commodity Flow to an Agent-Based Model E-commerce SystemTomasz SerzyskoDepartment of Mathematics and Information Science,Warsaw University of Technology,PolandMaria Ganzha,Maciej Gawinecki,Pawel Kobzdej,Marcin Papr
2、zyckiSystem Research Institute,Polish Academy of Sciences,PolandCostin BadicaDepartment of Computer Science,University of Craiova,RomaniaAbstractIn our model agent-based e-commerce system 2 we have assumed that a certain number of items of a given product is available for sale. In this note we intro
3、duce a model logistics subsystem and discuss how it will be integrated with the system.Keywords: e-commerce;logistics system;agent1. IntroductionCurrently, we are developing and implementing a model agent-based e-commerce system (see 2 and references collected there). In this system multiple buyer a
4、gents attempt at making purchase by participating in price negotiations in e-stores and selecting the best oer, while e-stores attempt at maximizing profit resulting from product sales.Thus far our attention was focused on buyer-seller interactions. By assuming that products are in the warehouse we
5、have omitted the question where do they come from. The aim of this work is to describe how our system can be extended to include product restocking processes.Before proceeding let us make a few observations. First, the proposed logistics subsystem is not “stand alone (e.g. similar to that considered
6、 in 3, 1, 6). Instead, it has been created within the context of our e-commerce system, which has directly influenced its design. Second, while somewhat similar, processes involved in e-store restocking a warehouse differ from client making a purchase in an e-store (e.g. in product demand prediction
7、, interactions with wholesalers, methods of price negotiations that involve more “conditions, offer selection criteria, etc.) Therefore we have created a separate logistics subsystem (instead of reusing already modeled functions; e.g. price negotiations). Third, this note is devoted to the agent str
8、ucture and agent interactions and, due to the space limitations, we omit important topics like:forecasts derivation, oer evaluation etc.However, these functions can be encapsulated into modules that can become a part of an appropriate agent. Therefore readers should envision that, for instance, when
9、 we write that “received oers are evaluated,then their favorite method of oer evaluation has been utilized.To proceed, first, we briefly describe our e-commerce system.We follow with assumptions that underline the logistics subsystem and description of new agents that were introduced. Finally, we pr
10、esent the sequence diagram of restocking and use it to discuss in detail how this process will take place in our system.2. System DescriptionOur system is a distributed marketplace in which software agents perform e-commerce functions (see 2 for details, the Use Case diagram in particular). User-Cli
11、ent is represented by the Client Agent (CA). The CA is autonomous and when a purchase order is communicated by the User-Client, it works until either it is completed, or purchase is abandoned. The CA communicates with the Client Information Center (CIC), which facilitates information which e-stores
12、sell which products (yellow-page matchmaking).For each store that sells the requested product, the CA delegates a Buyer Agent (BA) to participate in price negotiations and if successful, possibly attempt at making a pur- chase (successful price negotiations result in a product reservation for a spec
13、ific time; after which products that have not been purchased are available for sale again).Since multiple BAs representing the same CA can win price negotiations the CA makes the decision if either of available oers is good enough to make a purchase. Buyer Agents can participate in negotiations only
14、 if the Gatekeeper Agent (GA) admits them (if they are trusted; e.g. BAs that win price negotiations but do not make a purchase may be barred from subsequent negotiations). The GA represents a given e-store and is created by the Shop Agent (SA). The SA is the central manager and facilitating the sel
15、ling process it utilizes the GA, and a set of Seller Agents (SeA) that negotiate price with incoming BAs, as well as a Warehouse Agent (WA) that is responsible for inventory and reservation management. Thus far, the WA was responsible for managing product reservations and the inventory. Specifically
16、, (1) before a new price negotiation the WA “reserved a given productso that if negotiation ended successfully there was an item that could be sold; (2) when a reservation ended in purchase, it adjusted product counters; and (3) when a reservation expired it also adjusted products counters. However, the WA was always envisioned as the “gateway between the store and suppliers, which is
