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1、直接引语变间接引语的巧学妙解（1）歌诀巧记人称变化：人称变化可以遵循如下顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化，如： She said. “My brother wants to go with me.” She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人“你”所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称，如：
2、 He said to Kate，How is your sister now? He asked Kate how her sister was then.“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化，如： Mr. Smith said，“Jack is a good worker.”Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.（2）一变二换三变化四连词：一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为间接引语时要注意：1）改为陈述句语序。2）人称代词、时态等也要变化。3）主句谓语动词为said时，换为as
3、ked。“一变”即改变语序；“二换”即换said为asked；“三变化”，即人称、时态要变化；“四连词”，即原来为一般问句时，间接引语中用whether或if，原来为特殊问句时，间接引语中仍用原来的疑问词。如：当然，用口诀记似乎更简便，易记易学些。直接引语为一般疑问句，变为间接引语的口诀是：去掉引号加if（或whether）， 陈述语序要记住。时态、人称和状语， 小心变化别马虎。直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语的口诀是：直接去引号， 陈述莫忘掉。助动do（does）、did， 一定要去掉。（3）一改二变三加四去：祈使句变成间接引语时，根据说话人的语气分别用tell、ask、order、beg
4、等作谓语，将原来的祈使句改为动词不定式。1）said（to）改为asked（或told，ordered）；2）said to的宾语或呼语变为asked等的宾语；3）在动词原形前加to，使之成为动词不定式；4）去掉please。如：用歌诀记忆直接引语为祈使句变间接引语：去掉引号要加to， asked、ordered加“告诉”（told），直引若为否定句， not加在to前部。（4）直接引语变间接引语时态对应转换表：直接引语时态 间接引语时态一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时现在进行时 过去进行时 一般过去时 过去完成时现在完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时情态动词也要变成相应
5、的过去时：cancould；maymight；musthad to一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词：1. “I am having supper，” he said. He said that _ _ having supper.2. “Ive seen the film，” Gina said to me. Gina _ me that she _ _ the film.4. The teacher said， “The sun is bigger than the moon.” The teacher said that the sun _ bigger than the moon
6、.5. “I met her yesterday，” he said to me. He told me that he _ met her the day _.6. “You must come here before five，” he said. He said that I _ to go _ before five. 7. “I bought the computer two weeks ago，” she said. She said that she _ bought the computer two weeks _. 8. “Did you read the book last
7、 week？” he said. He _ _ I had read the book the week _.9. He said， “You can sit here， Jim.” He _ Jim that he _ sit there10. He asked， “How did you find it， mother？” He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.11. “Where have you been these days？” he asked. He asked me _ _ _ been _ days. 12 “Do you know where
8、 she lives？” he asked. He asked _ _ knew where she _.13. “Keep quiet， children.” he said. He _ the children _ _ quiet. 14. “Dont look out of the window，” she said. She told me _ _ _ out of the window. 二、直接引语变间接引语练习题1He said: “Ive left my book in my room.”2She said: “He will be busy.”3She said to Tom
9、, “Can you help me?”4She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”5The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”6The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.”7The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”8The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”9My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”
10、10The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”11He said, “We are still students.12He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”13The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”14He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” 15She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.16Mr. G
11、reen said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”17He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.18She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”19I said to him, “I have finished it.”20She said to us,“ Ill come here tomorrow.”21“Where does your chemistry teacher
12、live, Karen?” the young man asked.23“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 24“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.25“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.三、直接引语变间接引语专练题1. He asked _ for the computer. A.
13、did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid2. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. He asked me _. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film4. “I am a teacher,” Jack said. He said _. A. that I am a tea
14、cher B. I was a teacher C. that he is a teache r D. he was a teacher5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _- very naughty. A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the boy is C. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy was6. “Youve already got well, havent you?” she asked.She asked _. A. if I have already got well, hadnt you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. h
