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1、轮复习书面表达写作技巧之十九：如何使行文中出现非谓语动词一过去分词 过去分词用途广，用法活。如果你能够驾轻就熟，它一样可以成为你 作文中一道亮丽的风景线。过去分词（短语）在句中可以作定语、表语、 宾语补足语或状语。（一）过去分词作定语 作定语的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。 及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去 分词作定语，仅表完成。1单个过去分词作定语时，一般放在被修饰词的前面，表示主语的 状态或已完成的动作。The excited people rushed into the building. 激动的人们冲进了大楼。2过去分词短语作定语时，与
2、所修饰的名词之间为被动关系，一般 置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，其“被动” 与“完成”的含义可以在从句中表现出来。The computer bought last week doesnt work now.=The comp uter that was bough t las t week doesn t work now. 上周买的那台电脑现在出故障了。应用体验1 句型转换 The letter that was pos ted yes terday will reach her nex t week.The letter posted_yesterday will re
3、ach her next week. The book given to him is an English novel.The book that/which_was_given_to_him is an English novel.（二）过去分词作表语过去分词作表语,除了可以用在系动词be之后，还可用于get, become 等系动词后面，表示动作，一般不延续。Mary got divorced in 2018, and she had been married to Tom for 8 years by then.玛丽在2018年离婚了，那时她嫁给汤姆已有8年 的时间了。应用体验2 翻译
4、或补全句子 我对试验结果很满意。I_am_pleased_with_the_result_of_the_experiment. 吉姆为对老师所说的话感到羞愧。Jim was_ashamed_of what he said to his teacher.（三）过去分词作宾语补足语常见的过去分词作宾语补足语的情况：1. 过去分词用于 feel, hear, notice, see, smell, observe 等感 官动词后作宾补。He didnt notice his wallet stolen. 他没有注意到他的钱包被偷了。2. 过去分词用于get, have, make, keep, le
5、ave等使役动词后作宾语补足语。They are going to have the entrance hall painted white.他们准备让人把门厅粉刷成白色的。3. 过去分词用于with复合结构作宾语补足语。With the task finished, he went home happily.任务完成后，他高兴地回家了。应用体验3 补全句子 李博士很高兴地看到他母亲在家被照顾得很好。DrLeewasveryhappytosee_his_mother_taken_good_care_of_at_home. 外面的景物被雪覆盖着，看上去很美。Theoutsidesightlook
6、sbeautifulwith_everything_covered_with_snow.（四）过去分词作状语过去分词作状语时，用来修饰谓语，说明动作发生的情况或背景。该 分词短语相当于一个状语从句；过去分词可用来作时间、原因、条件、 让步、方式或伴随状语。 Uni ted, we st and; divided, we fall.（作条件状语）谚语 团结则存，分裂则亡。 Seriously injured, the soldier was taken to the hospitalimmedia tely.（作原因状语）由于伤势严重，这名战士被立即送往医院。应用体验4 句型转换 When th
7、e park is seen from the hill, the park looks more beautiful.Seen_from_the_hill，the park looks more beautiful. Though they were beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and practised even harder.f Beaten_by_the_opposite_team, _theplayers were notdiscouraged and practised even har
8、der.专题过关训练补全句子1. （2018全国卷II书面表达）任何对这部电影感兴趣的人都欢迎到位 于第三教学楼第一层的学校演讲大厅里欣赏。Anyonewhoshowsinterestinthefilmiswelcometotheschools lecturehall, located_on_the_first_floorofthethirdteaching building, to enjoy it.2. （2018全国卷III书面表达）如果你对这件事感兴趣，让我知道，我 会发送给你更多的信息。If_you_are_interested_in_it,_let me know and Ill
9、send you more information.3. 如果一直执行，它会让我们所有人受益匪浅，我们肯定会取得明 显进步。Carried_out_continuously,_it will benefit all of us greatly and we are sure to make obvious progress.4它包含由外国朋友所写的关于他们国家文化的文章。It contains articles written_by_foreign_friends about the cultures of their home countries.5为了解决这个问题，我想制定一项规则，整个班
10、级时不时地集体 讲课。To_get_this_problem_solved,_Id like to set up a rule that the whole class work in groups to give lessons once in a while.二现在分词 恰当使用现在分词形式，不仅显得句式多样，句子活泼，而且读起来 结构紧凑，言简意赅。现在分词（短语）在句中可以作定语、表语、宾 语补足语或状语。（一）作定语 1单个的现在分词作定语往往放在被修饰词的前面。Have you got some interesting storybooks for children? 你有一些有趣
11、的儿童故事书吗？ 2现在分词短语作定语往往放在被修饰的词后面，相当于一个定语 从句。Do you know the number of people coming （=who will come） to the par ty?你知道来参加晚会的人数吗？应用体验1 句型转换 The students working in the country will be back tomorrow. The st ude nts who_are_working_i n_t he_cou ntry will be back tomorrow. The building being built now wil
12、l be our library.The building that/which_is_being_built_now will be our library.(二) 作表语 现在分词作表语用来表示主语的特性、状态、情感等，具有形容词 的 特征。常见 的有：exciting, interesting, disappointing, discouraging, encouraging, puzzling, amusing, confusing 等。The speech you delivered is very interesting and encouraging 你做的演讲很有趣而且很鼓舞人
13、。应用体验2 补全句子 我们学校赢得比赛的消息令人兴奋。The news that our school won the game was_exciting. 和你们这样的人一起工作是令人鼓舞的，我会想念你们。It_is_inspiring_to_work_with_people like you and I will miss you.(三) 作宾语补足语1. 现在分词通常作感官动词(wa tch, observe, no tice, see, hear, fee l等)、表示状态的动词(keep, leave)或“使役”动词(ge t, have, make)的宾语补足语。此时，宾语是现在
14、分词所表示动作的执行者； 从时间上讲，它表示正在进行的动作或动作的持续。I hear someone talking in the next room. 我听到隔壁有人在谈话。2. 在“with/without +名词/代词+现在分词”结构中，现在分词或 现在分词短语作介词的宾语补足语。His hair became grey with the years passing. 随着时间的推移，他的头发变得花白了。应用体验3 根据提示补全句子 我们路过她的房间时听到她在唱英语歌曲。(hear)We heard her_singing_an_English_songwhenwepassedherro
15、om. 不要让学生整天学习。(have)Dont have_the_students_studying all day. 物价上涨如此快，以至于我们买不起一所新房子。(with) With_prices_going_up so fast, we cant afford a new house.(四) 作状语现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、方式或伴随情况等。Standing on the top of the hill, you can see the whole city. 站在山顶上，你可以看到整个城市。While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一边看书，一边不时地点头。应用体验4 补全句子因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书寄给他。Not_knowing_his_address,_I cant send this book to him他父亲去世了，留给他许多钱。His father died, leaving_him_a_lot_of_money. 他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。They stood there for half an hour, watc
