《简单句的五种基本句型并列句和复合句》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《简单句的五种基本句型并列句和复合句（7页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、简单句的五种基本句型，并列句和复合句郑集中学菁华学院英语组 王芳（一）句子种类两种分类法1、按句子的用途可分四种：1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：He is six years ol/She didnt hear of you before.2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：Do they like skating? / Where did you go yesterday? /Is he six or sMeavreyn cyaenarsswioml,d?ca/nt she?3）祈使句： Be careful, boysDo nt t alk in class4）感叹句： What an ex
2、ci ting film it was!/ How clever the boy is!2、按句子的结构可分三种：1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。如：He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.2）并列句：由并列连词（and, but,等）或分号（；把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。如：You help him and he help
3、s you.The fut ure is brigh t; the road is前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。如：The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.（二）简单句的五种基本句型1、主语+不及物动词：What he said does not matter.They | talked for half an hourThe pen| writes s
4、moothlyHow did the accident come about?2、主语+及物动词+宾语：Mary bought a book./ Do you know them?/ I finished reading the text./ You must try to improve.在此句型中，及物动词后常跟等作宾语。3、主语+系动词+表语：It sounds a good ideTah.e/ students are in favor of reform.Their favorite pastime is playing Tchesosn. l/y thing now is to t
5、ake a taxi.常用的系动词有等；可作表语成分的有等。4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：My fat her gave me a dic tiori可用 to 改写一）Ill make you some frash（tia for改写）They forgave him his crimes.直接宾语表示动词作用的对象，通常指的是物；间接宾语表示动作所指向的人，一般位于直接宾语之前，如果间接宾语位于直接宾语之后，则由介词，f等引出。5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：They called their daughter MaHrey.p/ut his books i
6、n ordeIr.s/aw her chatting with Nancy.What do you advise me to do?/ Tom made the baby laugh./ You must make yourself respected.此句型中的宾语后需跟上宾语补足语才完整，宾语和宾语补足语合称为复合宾语。常见的用作宾语补足语的有等。Exercise1：判断下面各句分别属于简单句的哪种基本句型：1. Your sister dances beautifully. （）2. Doing that would be playing with fire. （）3. I will t
7、ell my friends to protect the environment. （）4. They kept their marriage a secret. （）5. She gave me her telephone number. ( )6. Good food keeps you healthy. ( )7. I advise waiting till the right time. ( )8. Did you sleep well? ( )9. Horse-riding and shooting are some of the more unusual events. ( )1
8、0. Pop music makes people feel easy and forget about the real world. ( ) 除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰 语可以是单词(主要是形容词、副词和数词)，也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语、不定式短语 和分词短语)。下面以基本句型五(v+o+o.c)为例：We found the hall ful我们发现礼堂坐满了。We found the great hall full of st uden ts and我们发e现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。We found the g
9、reat hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a c the Peoples Daily on current affairs in East Europe.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。不同的动词使用的句型也
10、不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应掌握动词的类型。以get为例： Hes getting angry. (S V P)He got through the window. (S V O)Youll get a surprise. (S V O)He got his shoes and socks wet. (S V O C)He got himself into trouble(.S V O C)He got her a splendid pres(eSntV. 0 O)在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思:I found the book eas我很容易地找到了这本书。S V O M)I
11、 found the book eas我觉得这本书很容易。(S V O C)I have to do some thi我得做点事。have some thing to d我有点事做。A Lebanese who had left the country for Syria during the conflict between Israel and Hizbollah, re her family following the ceasefire, at the Lebanon-Syria border in Magdel Anjar( ASug+ustV14), 2006.A 53-point
12、 win over South Korea wrapped up a perfect Asian exhibition tour for a star-studded U.S. its way to the world championsh(iSps.+ V + O)(三)并列句的分类1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not onlybut also，neithernor，等连接。如： The teachers name is Smith, and the students name is John.2、表示选择，常用的连词有or, eit her，ot herwi等。如： Hurry
13、up， or youll miss the train.3、表示转折，常用的连词有 bu t, st ill, however, yet, whig, WhenHe was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and4、表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, there等re如：August is the time of the year for rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark
14、. (四)复合句复合句也称主从句，即主句和从句，从句须有引导词或叫连词引出，否则复合句不成立。由于连词既 起连接主句和从句的作用，表明主从句之间的关系，还在从句中充当一定的成分，有一定的意义，故 复合句中的连词常成为考查的焦点。从句有三种：1名词性从句(包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)1) When the train will arrive is unknown.2) Everybody knows that money doesn t grow on trees.3) This is what we should do.4) She told us her hope that
15、 she would become a pianist.2. 定语从句形容词性从句）He is the man who I saw in the park yesterday.3. 状语从句（副词性从句）He is absent today, because he is ill.Exercise2：判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：（）1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.（）2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.（）3. There ischair in this room, isnt there?（）4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at sthe evening.（）5.He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.（）6.He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.（）7.Neither has
