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1、2022年考博英语-东北财经大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题Once the baby has mastered the idea that space is three-dimensional, it _ out and begins grasping various kinds of objects.问题1选项A.shoutsB.reachesC.aimsD.puts【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. shouts （ out）大声喊出 B. reaches （ out）伸出手C. aims 目的是 D. puts （ out）熄灭【答案】B【考查点】介词搭配与语义衔接
2、【解题思路】首先，空格后搭配的介词为out；其次，后文语义为“开始抓取各种物体”，所以B选项reaches“（ out）伸出手”既符合介词搭配又符合语义衔接。【干扰项排除】A选项shouts“（ out）大声喊出”，与后文“抓取”语义衔接不当；C选项aims“目的是”，不与介词out搭配；D选项puts“（ out）熄灭”，与原句语义衔接不当。【句意】一旦婴儿掌握了空间是三维的这一概念，他就会伸出手去抓各种各样的物体。2. 单选题Pessimism concerning the economic future was _ in western European countries in the
3、 late 1970s.问题1选项A.perpetualB.pertinentC.preventiveD.prevalent【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. perpetual 永久的 B. pertinent 有关的；恰当的C. preventive 预防性的 D. prevalent 盛行的【答案】D【考查点】形近词辨析与语义衔接【解题思路】原句主语为“关于经济前景的悲观情绪”，后文内容为“在20世纪70年代末的西欧国家”，只有D选项prevalent“盛行的”符合前后语义衔接。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合前后语义衔接。【句意】20世纪70年代末，西欧国家普遍存在对经济前景的悲观情
4、绪。3. 单选题This book is essential to anyone interested in space exploration.问题1选项A.dispensableB.indisputableC.indispensableD.disputable【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. dispensable 可有可无的 B. indisputable 不容质疑的C. indispensable 不可缺少的 D. disputable 有讨论余地的【答案】C【考查点】形容词辨析【解题思路】划线词修饰的是“这本书”，原词essential“必要的；基本的”，C选项indispensa
5、ble“不可缺少的”与原词词义最接近。【干扰项排除】A选项dispensable“可有可无的”，与原词词义不符；B选项indisputable“不容质疑的”，与“这本书”搭配不太恰当；D选项disputable“有讨论余地的”，与“这本书”搭配不太恰当。【句意】对任何喜欢太空的人来说，这本书是必要的。4. 单选题The teacher didnt believe that Ted was annoying me until she saw him in the _ act of pulling my hair.问题1选项A.publicB.opponentC.overtD.oblique【答案
6、】C【解析】【选项释义】A. public 公开的；大庭广众的 B. opponent 反对者 n.C. overt 公开的；公然的 D. oblique 隐晦的【答案】C【考查点】语义衔接与形容词辨析【解题思路】空格处前后语义为“老师一直不相信Ted在烦我，直到她看见他_扯我的头发。”根据语义衔接可知，此处应该为C选项overt“公开的；公然的”符合语义要求，侧重于指行为不是偷偷做的。【干扰项排除】A选项public“公开的；大庭广众的”，侧重于指面向公众的；B选项opponent“反对者”，不符合原文语义衔接；D选项oblique“隐晦的”，不符合原文语义衔接。【句意】直到老师看见Ted公
7、然扯我的头发时，她才相信他在烦我。5. 单选题Fewer and fewer of todays workers expect to spend their working lives in the same field, _ the same company.问题1选项A.all elseB.much worseC.let aloneD.less likely【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. all else 其他所有 B. much worse 更糟糕的是C. let alone 更不必说 D. less likely 更不可能【答案】C【考查点】语义衔接【解题思路】前文提到“如今越来越
8、少的工人想在同一个领域（in the same field）度过他们的工作生涯”，后文内容为“同一家公司（the same company）”，根据前后语义可知，从“同一个领域”到“同一家公司”，工人们不愿意的程度是增加的，空格前后为程度增加的两个名词短语，C选项let alone“更不必说”，相当于一个连词，符合原文语境。【干扰项排除】A选项all else“其他所有”，不符合原文语义衔接；B选项much worse“更糟糕的是”，不符合原文语义衔接；D选项less likely“更不可能”，形容词或副词短语，不单独并列两个名词短语。【句意】如今越来越少的工人想一直在同一个领域工作，更不用说
9、同一家公司了。6. 翻译题While banks try to avoid drowning in troubled assetsbad loansborrowers and lenders alike are questioning how bank got into the current financial mess. Many observers blame subprime mortgage lending. Unlike prime mortgage subprime loans are made to high-risk borrowersthose with bad credi
10、t histories, excessive debt, inadequate income or other indicators that they will not repay the lender. In return for riskier loans, borrowers pay higher interest rates. 1. As the housing market tumbled, delinquencies skyrocketed on millions of subprime loans. Whereas about 6 percent of mortgage wer
11、e uncollectable from 2000 to 2005, thereafter delinquencies increased nearing 30 percent by 2008. Lenders extended too much credit to weak borrowers.Reports indicate that the subprime crisis can be traced to overly relaxed credit standards. One study found that many loan applications listed fraudule
12、nt information. Some borrowers, taking advantage of lax lending practices to live beyond their means, lied about their income and assets in order to secure loans. 2. Other misinformation can be attributed to mortgage brokers eager to get otherwise unqualified borrowers approved for loans. Some lende
13、rs went so far as to have a relative pose as a borrowers fake employer and falsity W-2 forms to gain approval. 3. These problems were compounded further by those within the banking and finance system who knew that rampant fraud was occurring but looked the other way, as long as profits kept rolling
14、in.4. Now stuck with uncollectable loans, unsellable foreclosed properties and big financial losses, the industry is tightening credit standards and lending practices. Federal bank examiners, for example, are insisting that loan officers use greater caution and judgment to identify credit-worthy bor
15、rowers and avoid weak loans. Lenders are switching to independent real estate appraisers who have no direct contact with loan officers, to get accurate rather than inflated property appraisals. 5. Along with eliminating loans with zero or very low down payments, home equity lending is shrinking as home values continue to fall. Lenders are also reducing credit card limit. With a dire lesson learned, it appears that tighter standards are
