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1、2022年考博英语-大连工业大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题The energy crisis, which is being felt around the world, has dramatized how the careless use of the earths resources has brought the whole world to the brink of disaster. The over development of motor transport, with its increase of more cars, more highways, m
2、ore pollution, more suburbs, more commuting, has contributed to the near destruction of our cities. The disaster has arrived in the form of the energy crisis.Our present situation is unlike war, revolution or depression. Worldwide resources exploitation and energy use have brought us to a state wher
3、e long range planning is essential. What we need is not a continuation of our present serious state, which endangers the future of our country, our children, and our earth, but a movement forward to a new norm in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems.This country has been falli
4、ng back under the continuing exposures of loss of morality and the revelation that lawbreaking has reached into the highest places in the land. There is a strong demand for moral revival and for some devotion that is vast enough and yet personal enough to enlist the devotion of all. In the past it h
5、as been only in a way of defense of their own country and their own ideals that any people have been able to devote themselves wholeheartedly.This is the first time that we have been asked to defend ourselves and what we hold dear in cooperation with all the other inhabitants of this planet, who sha
6、re with us the same endangered air and the same endangered oceans. There is a common need to reassess our present course, to change that course and to devise new methods through which the world can survive. This is a priceless opportunity.To grasp it we need a widespread understanding of nature if t
7、he crisis confronting usand the worldis a crisis that is no passing inconvenience , no by product of the ambitions of the oil producing countries, no environmentalists mere fears, no by product of any present system of government. What we face is the outcome of the invention of the last four hundred
8、 years. What we need is a transformed life style. This new life style can flow directly from science and technology, but its acceptance depends on a sincere devotion to finding a higher quality of life for the worlds children and future generation.1.Which condition does the author feel has nearly de
9、stroyed our cities?2.The author in the second paragraph states what we need in our present situation is（ ）.3.According to the author, what is one example of our loss of morality?4.By comparing past problems with present ones, the author draws attention to the（ ） .问题1选项A.Lack of financial planning.B.
10、The breakup of the family.C.Natural disasters in many regions.D.The excessive growth of motors.问题2选项A.a continuation of our present serious stateB.worldwide resources exploitation and energy useC.a movement forward to a new norm to planet research workD.a state where long-range planning is essential
11、 to us问题3选项A.Disregard for law.B.Lack of devotion.C.Lack of cooperation.D.Exploitation of resources.问题4选项A.significance of this crisisB.inadequacy of governmentsC.similarity of the past to the presentD.hopelessness of the situation【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:B第4题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段第二句“The over development of
12、motor transport, with its increase of more cars, more highways, more pollution, more suburbs, more commuting, has contributed to the near destruction of our cities. 汽车运输的过度发展，伴随着更多的汽车，更多的高速公路，更多的污染，更多的郊区，更多的通勤，已经导致了我们城市的几乎毁灭。”由此可知，导致城市几乎毁灭的是汽车运输的过度发展。选项D选项汽车的过度增长为正确答案。2.细节事实题。从文中第二段的内容和第二句结尾“long ra
13、nge planning is essential长期规划是必不可少的”，推知D项一个长期规划对我们至关重要的状态为正确答案。3.细节事实题。从文中第三段第二句“There is a strong demand for moral revival and for some devotion that is vast enough and yet personal enough to enlist the devotion of allIn the past it has been only in a way in defense of their own country and their o
14、wn ideals that any people have been able to devote themselves wholeheartedly有一种强烈的要求，要求道德复兴和一些足够广泛但又足够个人的奉献，以争取所有人的奉献。在过去，只有在某种程度上，为了保卫自己的国家和自己的理想，人们才能够全心全意地奉献自己。”由此可知“Lack of devotion”正确，即B项为正确答案。4.判断推理题。从文中的内容推知，作者通过对过去和现在的问题的比较，是想使人们认识到能源危机的重要性，即A项为正确答案。2. 单选题The（ ）of electrical energy into therm
15、al energy is a process that is easily carried out at 100% efficiency.问题1选项A.conversionB.conventionC.conversationD.version【答案】A【解析】形近词辨析题。A选项conversion“转化，变换”；B选项convention“约定，习俗”；C选项conversation“交谈，会话”；D选项version“版本”。句意：把电能转换成热能是一个很容易以100%的效率进行的过程。选项A符合句意。3. 单选题Various innovations have been introduced as ways to break off our system which forces students through a serious of identical classrooms in which teachers do most of the talking and students have little opportunity to respond. Among these innovations are team teaching and teaching aides, non-graded elementary and secondary sc
