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1、2022年考博英语-首都师范大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题Now that spring is here, you can （ ）these fur coats till you need them again next winter.问题1选项A.put overB.put awayC.put offD.put down【答案】B【解析】考查动词词组辨析。put over “推迟，驶过”；put away “放好，把收好”；put off “推迟，拖延”；put down “放下，记下”。 句意：春天来了，你可以把这些皮外套给收起来，直到来年冬天再拿出来。B项符合句意。答
2、案B2. 单选题No longer are contributions to computer technology confined to any one country; （ ）is this more true than in Europe.问题1选项A.hardlyB.littleC.seldomD.nowhere【答案】D【解析】考查副词辨析。hardly “几乎不”；little “完全不”；seldom “很少”； nowhere “无处，任何地方”；句意：对电脑技术的贡献不再局限于某个国家，没有比在欧洲更能证明这一事实了。nowhere引导的是一个倒装句。This is no
3、more. than. 没有比更，此句表明欧洲最能证明这一事实。D项符合句意，答案D3. 单选题When it comes to teaching（ ）, many parents believe that if they teach their children and treat them kindly, the kids will know how to behave.问题1选项A.mentalityB.moralityC.complicatedD.majority【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。mentality 心理，智力；morality道德，品行，美德；complicated 复
4、杂的； majority 多数。句意：说到道德教育，许多家长相信如果他们温和地教育孩子，对待孩子，孩子们就知道如何守规矩了。下文提到的内容属于道德品行范畴，故B项符合题意。答案B4. 单选题Even though strong evidence has proved the nicotine to be（ ）, the tobacco company still insists that its products are harmless.问题1选项A.solubleB.deficientC.addictiveD.skeptical【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。soluble “可溶解的，
5、可解决的”； deficient “不足的，有缺陷的”； addictive “上瘾的”； skeptical “怀疑的”。句意：即使有力的证据已证实尼古丁让人上瘾，但是这家烟草公司仍然声称它的产品是无害的。由even though表转折及harmless可知空格处意思与harmless性质相反，再根据尼古丁的特点，可知“尼古丁让人上瘾”。答案C5. 单选题For most thinkers since （the Greek philosophers, it was self-evident that there is something called human nature, someth
6、ing that constitutes the essence of man. There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence exists that is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man. Thus man was defined as a rational being, as a social animal, an animal that can mak
7、e tools, or a symbol-making animal.More recently, this traditional view has begun to be questioned. One reason for this change was the increasing emphasis given to the historical approach to man. An examination of the history of humanity suggested that man in our epoch is so different from man in pr
8、evious times that it seemed unrealistic to assume that men in every age have had in common something that can be called human nature. The historical approach was reinforced, particularly in the United States, by studies in the field of cultural anthropology （人类学）.The study of primitive peoples has d
9、iscovered such a diversity of customs, values, feelings, and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is born as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text. Another factor contributing to the tendency to deny the assumption of a fixed human nature was that
10、 the concept has so often been abused as a shield behind which the most inhuman acts are committed. In the name of human nature, for example, Aristotle and most thinkers up to the eighteenth century defended slavery. Or in order to prove the rationality and necessity of the capitalist form of societ
11、y, scholars have tried to make a case for acquisitiveness, competitiveness, and selfishness as innate （天生的） human traits. Popularly, one refers cynically to human nature in accepting the inevitability of such undesirable human behavior as greed, murder, cheating and lying.Another reason for skeptici
12、sm about the concept of human nature probably ties in the influence of evolutionary thinking. Once man came to be seen as developing in the process of evolution, the idea of a substance which is contained in his essence seemed untenable. Yet I believe it is precisely from an evolutionary standpoint
13、that we can expect new insight into the problem of the nature of man.1.The traditional view of human nature was strongly challenged by（ ）.2.According to the passage, anthropologists believe that human beings（ ）.3.The author mentioned Aristotle, a great ancient thinker in order to（ ）.4.The word “unte
14、nable” in the last paragraph （Line 3） of the passage most probably means（ ）.问题1选项A.the emergence of the evolutionary theoryB.the historical approach to manC.new insight into human behaviorD.the philosophical analysis of slavery问题2选项A.have some traits in commonB.are born with diverse culturesC.are bo
15、rn without a fixed natureD.change their characters as they grow up问题3选项A.Emphasize that he contributed a lot to defining the concept of “human natureB.show that the concept of human nature was used to justify social evilsC.prove that lie had a profound influence on the concept of human natureD.support the idea that some human traits are acquired问题4选项A.invaluableB.imaginableC.changeableD.indefensible【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第二段“More recently,
