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1、Unit 18Beauty能力提升题组训练(A).阅读理解(2018山东威海二模)Its hair-raising news for criminals on the run.Scientists behind a new study have worked out how to identify individuals only based on the proteins(蛋白质) in a single strand of their hair.While the police already look at DNA from hair as part of investigations,
2、the technique is far from ideal:DNA is easily degradable,meaning it can only be analysed within a certain time period after the crime.But the new technique could even be used to solve historical or archaeological cases,making it far superior to DNA sequencing in many ways.DNA degradation depends on
3、several environmental factors including temperature,humidity and PH.It is also affected by the activity of bacteria and other microorganisms.In contrast,actual hairs can survive for a long timesometimes centuries.After bones and teeth,hair is in fact one of the most resistant structures of the human
4、 body.In order to understand how the protein can be used to identify individuals,it is important to understand that proteins are coded by DNA.This means that a certain level of the genetic variation that we see in different peoples DNA passes into their proteins.In fact,genetic information in the DN
5、A is translated into amino-acid chains that make up proteins.The method not only allows for human identification but it can also reveal how old the sample is and what region it comes from,so that we can distinguish between current and ancient samples.But while the discovery is exciting,the technique
6、 is not quite polished enough to be used in the court room.The main task now will be to analyse hair samples from all over the world,which will make it a lot more reliable.The new discovery will boost the significance of hair as evidence in courts,at a time when some forensic(司法鉴定的) disciplines have
7、 been criticised in the US.It will also be of great use in archaeology.1.Whats the main idea of the passage?A.DNA evidence is far from ideal.B.Criminals on the run get hair-raising news.C.Scientists are planning a test of human hair.D.Humans can be identified by proteins in hair.2.Which evidence is
8、more reliable for the police to identify a criminal?A.Lost teeth.B.The footprint.C.Personal belongings.D.Damaged DNA.3.In what way is the new technique superior to DNA test?A.Serving as evidence in courts.B.Possessing genetic information.C.Inferring the height of a person.D.Distinguishing the region
9、 of a person.4.Who will welcome the discovery?A.Criminals.B.Employers.C.Hairdressers.D.Archaeologists.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。尽管大多数犯罪现场都含有人的毛发,但是细胞核DNA往往缺失,阻碍了案件的侦破。为此,法医界也在积极开发DNA分析以外的身份识别技术。美国联邦安全实验室近日提出了一种方法,将毛发中的蛋白标志物与DNA分析相结合,可实现更准确的人类身份识别。答案及剖析:1.D主旨大意题。根据全文可知,研究表明,可以通过对人毛发中的蛋白质的分析来确定一个人的身份。故选 D项。2.A细节理
10、解题。根据第三段中After bones and teeth,hair is in fact one of the most resistant structures of the human body.可知,对骨骼和牙齿的分析数据最为可靠。3.D细节理解题。根据第五段中The method not only allows for human identification but it can also reveal how old the sample is and what region it comes from,so that we can distinguish between cu
11、rrent and ancient samples.可知,这一方法不仅可以显示个人身份,还可以显示标本的来源地。4.D细节理解题。根据最后一段中It will also be of great use in archaeology.可知,这一发现在考古学研究方面价值极高。故选D项。.七选五Life getting you down? Learn to bounce back“That which does not kill us makes us stronger.” Nietzsche said.There are a number of ways that can get us throu
12、gh tough times, help us to bounce back and make us happier.1.Find something you can control.2. But taking small, positive steps in any area of our life can have a ripple effect, enabling us to move forward in the problem area.3. As a species, we tend to focus on whats wrong rather than whats right.B
13、ut we can benefit a lot from paying attention to whats going right.Psychologists have shown consciously focusing on these good things helps to increase our experience of positive emotions.Check your thinking.4. Leading psychologist Martin Seligman found that the way we interpret the causes of everyd
14、ay setbacks can have a significant impact on our ability to cope and our physical health.He also showed we can learn more resilient(有弹性的) thinking styles.Distract yourself.When we are immersed in a problem, it is hard to think creatively about ways to deal with it.It often helps to take time out fro
15、m the things you are worrying about.5. Not only does this give us a break from what were doing and our worries, its also great for our minds.A.Always do something that is right.B.Its true that there are lots of things we cant control.C.An effective way of taking time out is exercise.D.Next time you
16、are feeling stressed or stuck, give them a try.E.Focus on whats right.F.Next time something goes wrong for you, pause for a moment.G.The way we think can destroy our own resilience.答案:1-5DBEGC.完形填空I am a girl, but I was born to be a rebel (反叛者).I like games that can be 1 .Some of the 2I like, even boys wont play!Wrestling is3 seen as a sport f
