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1、历年真题（2015-6）试卷一：中国宴席 中国传统的待客之道要求饭菜丰富多样，让客人吃不完。 中国宴席上典型的菜单包括开席的一套凉菜及其后的热 菜，例如肉类、鸡鸭、蔬菜等。大多数宴席上，全鱼被认 为是必不可少的，除非已经上过各式海鲜。如今，中国人 喜欢把西方特色菜与传统中式菜肴融于一席，因此牛排上桌 也不少见。沙拉也已流行起来，尽管传统上中国人一般不 吃任何未经烹饪的菜肴。宴席通常至少有一道汤，可以最 先上或最后上桌。甜点和水果通常标志宴席的结束。译文： 中国传统的待客之道要求饭菜丰富多样，让客人吃不The traditional Chinese hospitality requires a
2、rich variety of foods and dishes, which cannot be totally con sumed by the guests. 或 The traditional Chinese hospitality requires that the food should be so various that the guests cannot eat up all the dishes.（找主干、形合、定语从句、结果状语从句|） 中国宴席上典型的菜单包括开席的一套凉菜及其后的热 菜，例如肉类、鸡鸭、蔬菜等。The typical menu in Chin ese
3、banq uet in eludes a set of cold dishes at the beg inning of the banq uet, and the hot ones that follow, such as meat, chicke n, duck, vegetables, etc. 或 A typical Chinese banquet menu includes a set of appetizers served at the beginning, followed by the hot dishes, such as meat, poultry, vegetables
4、, etc.（找主干、语序调整） 大多数宴席上，全鱼被认为是必不可少的，除非已经上 过各式海鲜。A whole fish is considered to be essential in most banq uets, uni ess various kinds of seafood have bee n served alread y.或 A whole fish is regarded as the essential part in most banq uets, uni ess there have bee n differe nt kinds of seafood.（被动态、让步状语
5、从句I） 如今，中国人喜欢把西方特色菜与传统中式菜肴融于一 席，因此牛排上桌也不少见 Today, the Chin ese people like to comb ine the Western specialties with the traditi onal Chin ese dishes in a banq uet, which ofte n gives rise to the appearanee of steak on Chinese dining tables.或 Nowadays, the Chinese people like to combine the Western s
6、pecialties with the traditi onal Chin ese dishes in a banq uet, so the steak is very popular on the table.或 Nowadays, the Chinese people like to combine the Western specialties with the traditional Chinese dishes in a banquet, so it is very comm on to see steak on the table.或 Nowadays, the Chinese p
7、eople like to combine the Western specialties with the traditional Chinese dishes in a banquet. Therefore, it is not rare to see steak being served as well.（定语从句、原因状语从句、分句译法I） 沙拉也已流行起来，尽管传统上中国人一般不吃任何未 经烹饪的菜肴。Salad is gaining popularity, although traditi on ally the Chin ese people gen erally do not
8、eat any food without cook ing.或 Salad has been increasingly popular, although traditi on ally the Chin ese people don eat any thi ng that is not cooked.或 Salad has been increasingly popular, despite the fact that the Chinese people don eat any dishes which are not cooked.（找从句主干、让步状语从句、定语从句 I）宴席通常至少有
9、一道汤，可以最先上或最后上桌。In a banq uet, there is usually at least a course of soup, either as the first or the last dish.In a banq uet, there is usually at least a course of soup, which can be served either at first or at last.（there be句型、定语从句） 甜点和水果通常标志宴席的结束。Desserts and fruit usually mark/ mean the end of t
10、he feast.或 Usually, when desserts and fruit are served, the banq uet will be en ded in a short time.（|时间状语从句、被动态I）试卷二：中国城市化2011年是中国城市化(urbanization )进程中的历史性时刻， 其城市人口首次超过农村人口。在未来20年里，预计有3.5亿农村人口将移居城市。如此规模的城市发展对城市 交通来说既是挑战，也是机遇。中国政府一直提倡 以人为 本”的发展理念，强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行。它还号召建设 资源节约和环境友好型”社会。有了这个明确的 目标，中国城市就
11、可以更好地规划其发展，并把大量投资转 向安全、清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上。译文：2011年是中国城市化(urbanization )进程中的历史性时 刻，其城市人口首次超过农村人口。The year 2011 witnesses the historic moment in the process of urba ni zati on in Chi na, whose urban population surpasses rural population for the first time.或 The year 2011 is a historic moment in the proces
12、s of urbanization in China as its urban population exceeds rural population for the first time.(定语从句、原因状语从句I) 在未来20年里，预计有3.5亿农村人口将移居城市。In the n ext 20 years, it is estimated that about 350 million rural population will migrate/ move to cities.（被动句、数字I） 如此规模的城市发展对城市交通来说既是挑战，也是 机遇。Such scale of urban
13、development brings both challe nge and opport un ities for urba n tran sportati on.（找主干、语序I） 中国政府一直提倡 以人为本”的发展理念，强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行The Chinese government has always been advocating the“ peopled” develomentcon cept, emphasiz ing that people should travel by buses in stead of by private cars.或 The Chines
14、e government always advocates the “ peopteriented ” development concept, and emphasizes the priority of public vehiclesover private cars.（找主干） 它还号召建设 资源节约和环境友好型”社会。It also calls for the construction of a resource-sav ing and en vir onmen t-frie ndly societ y.或 It also appeals to building a society w
15、hich is resource-sav ing and environmen t-frie ndly.或 At the same time, the construction of a resource-sav ing and en vir onmen t-frie ndly society is also what the government is appeali ng to.（词性转换、定语从句、前重心） 有了这个明确的目标，中国城市就可以更好地规划其发 展，并把大量投资转向安全、清洁和经济型交通系统的发展 上。With this explicit goal, cities in Ch
16、ina can better plan their development and divert a lot of investment to the development of safe, clea n and econ omical tra nsportati on system.（找主干）试卷三：汉朝 汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一。汉朝统治期间有很多显著的成就。它最先向其他文化敞开大门，对外贸易兴旺。 汉朝开拓的丝绸之路通向了中西亚乃至罗马。各类艺术一派繁荣，涌现了很多文学历史哲学巨著。公元100年中国第一部字典编撰完成，收入9000个字，提供释义并列举不同的写法。 其间，科技方面也取得很大进步，发明了纸张、水钟、日晷(sund
