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1、人教版英语精品资料Section_Grammar_&_Writing被动语态()动词不定式的被动式不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系，即当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示动作的承受者时，不定式一般使用被动式。一、动词不定式被动式的构成和意义构成意义一般式to be done表示发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生的被动动作完成式to have been done表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动动作The next thing to be done is to carry away the earth.下一步要做的事是把土运走。No harm seems to have been done t
2、o them.对他们似乎并没有造成损害。1(山东高考改编)George returned after the war, only to_be_told (tell) that his wife had left him. (湖南高考改编)Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs to_be_done/doing (do) to achieve the final success.二、动词不定式被动式的用法(1)作主语It is an honour to be chosen as a volunteer.能被选上做志愿者，真是一件荣幸的事情
3、。(2)作表语The task is to be finished by next month.这项工作要在下个月才能完成。(3)作宾语The boy asked to be given an opportunity to try again.那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。(4)作宾语补足语He ordered the baggage to be brought to his room.他吩咐把行李搬进他的房间。(5)作定语He was the last one to be asked to speak at the meeting.他是最后一个在会上被邀请发言的人。(6)作状语He drov
4、e to the airport in a hurry, only to be informed that the plane had taken off.他匆忙驱车赶往机场，结果被告知飞机已经起飞了。2(北京高考改编)Its important for the figures to_be_updated (update) regularly.(北京高考改编)There are still many problems to_be_solved (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.(四川高考改编)The airport
5、to_be_completed (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.(重庆高考改编)Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision to_be_made (make) at the meeting will influence the future of our company.(浙江高考改编)If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city to_be_ch
6、eered (cheer) by their enthusiastic supporters. 三、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的常见结构(1)动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系，同时又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系时，不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.今天下午我有许多事情要做。(to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。)Ill go to the post office. Do you have a letter to post?我要去邮局。你有信要寄吗？(post与主语
7、you之间不存在主谓关系，只和前面letter构成动宾关系。)(2)在某些“形容词不定式”作表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等。This problem is difficult to solve.这个问题很难解决。(3)在too . to .; enough . to .结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。This book is
8、too expensive (for me) to buy.这本书太贵，我买不起。(4)在there be句型中，当动词不定式作定语修饰名词时，用主动形式，重点在人；用被动形式，重点在物。There is no time to lose (to be lost)(用to lose可看成for us to lose; 用to be lost，重点在时间。)没有时间去浪费。(5)be to blame用主动形式表示被动意义。Who is to blame for starting the fire?谁应为引发火灾负责？3(福建高考改编)The difference in thickness and
9、 weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable to_hold (hold)(安徽高考改编)Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier to_break (break) into small pieces.用所给词的适当形式填空1Its a great honour to_be_invited (invite) to attend your wedding party.2The next thing to_be_done
10、 (do) is to clean the classroom.3The novel is said to_have_been_translated (translate) into English.4. I find the problem is very difficult to_solve (solve)5The teacher left us a lot of homework to_do (do)6“Are there any more clothes to_be_washed (wash)？” asked mum.7The little boy should love to_be_
11、taken (take) to visit the Great Wall.8Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the students, but it remains to_be_seen (see) whether they will enjoy it.9The emperor ordered the magic cloth to_be_woven (weave) for him right away.10His father left the small village, never to_be_seen (see) again.完成句子
12、1It is very terrible to_be_laughed_at (被人嘲笑) in public.2He expected to_be_invited_to_the_party (能被邀请参加聚会)3The book is said to_have_been_translated_into_English (已译成了英语)4Im going back to Beijing tomorrow. Do you have anything to_be_taken_home (要我带回家)?5Are you going to the meeting to_be_held_this_afte
13、rnoon (今天下午举行的)?6It is an honor for me to_be_invited_to_speak_here (被邀请在这儿讲话)想象类作文电影哈利波特受到人们的普遍欢迎，创造了很高的票房纪录，成为电影业的奇迹，全世界的孩子都为哈利波特的魔力着迷。现在假设你是哈利波特，你将怎样用你的魔法解决以下问题？1残酷的战争；2濒危动物；3环境污染。注意：1.词数100左右；2充分发挥自己的想象力，注意行文连贯。I am Harry Potter, a boy with magical powers. I regard myself as a guard of the earth.
14、 To create a peaceful and friendly world for human beings is my duty.First of all, I will make use of my magic to bring all the cruel wars to an end. Let all the people no longer suffer from the wounds and death caused by wars. Let peace ring at every corner of the world.In addition, I will raise pe
15、oples awareness of saving endangered animals. As long as we learn to protect animals, we will understand how to give our love to others.Finally, I will rely on my magic to solve the environmental pollution. The earth is the only home of us human beings. Only by making great efforts can we make the earth a better place to live in.Please join me in this action. Lets work together to build a bright future！,本文分五段。第一段作简单自我介绍；第二、三、四段为文章主体部分，根据写作要求，叙述细节；第五段为结尾部分，号召人们加入自己的行动，共创美好的未来。亮点一：句使用了First o
