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1、2022-2023年考博英语-北京体育大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题The single business of Henry Thoreau, during forty-odd years of eager activity was to discover an economy calculated to provide a satisfying life. His one concern, which gave to his ramblings in Concord fields a value of high adventure, was to explore the true
2、meaning of wealth. As he understood the problem of economics, there were three possible solutions open to him: to exploit himself, to exploit his fellows, or to reduce the problem to its lowest denominator. The first was quite impossibleto imprison oneself in a treadmill when the morning called to g
3、reat adventure. To exploit ones fellows seemed to Thoreaus sensitive social conscience an even greater infidelity. Freedom with abstinence seemed to him better than serfdom with material well-being, and he was content to move to Walden Pond and to set about the high business of living, to confront o
4、nly the essential facts of life and to see what it had to teach. He did not advocate that other men should build cabins and live isolated. He had no wish to dogmatize concerning the best mode of livingeach must settle that for himself. But that a satisfying life should be lived, he was vitally conce
5、rned. The story of his emancipation from the lower economics is the one romance of his life, and Walden is his great book. It is a book in praise of life rather than of Nature, a record of calculating economics that studied saving in order to spend more largely. But it is a book of social criticism
6、as well, in spite of its explicit denial of such a purpose. In considering the true nature of economy he concluded, with Ruskin, that the cost of a thing is the amount of life that is required in exchange for it, immediately or in the long run. In Walden Thoreau elaborated the text: The only wealth
7、is life.1.Thoreau started an experiment at Walden Pond with the hope of （ ）.2.To Thoreau the best solution to the problem of economics is （ ）.3.Thoreau holds that the crucial thing for people to do is to （ ）.4.In the book Walden all of the following can be found except （ ）.5.Thoreaus attitude toward
8、 society can best be characterized as one of （ ）.问题1选项A.learning how to live quietlyB.writing a book on philosophyC.discovering what humans can learn from natureD.working out the best adjustment to material life .问题2选项A.to live a very simple lifeB.to become self-sufficientC.to live in the countryD.t
9、o reform the society问题3选项A.have a better understanding of what life meansB.live harmoniously with natureC.to save as much as one possibly canD.to live a life that one is content with问题4选项A.the nature of economyB.the meaning of freedomC.the criticism of societyD.Ruskins philosophy问题5选项A.acceptanceB.a
10、voidanceC.indifferenceD.individualism【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.事实细节题。根据关键词“Walden Pond”定位到文中“. he was content to move to Walden Pond and to set about the high business of living, to confront only the essential facts of life and to see what it had to teach.”他满足于搬到瓦尔登湖，开始生活的崇高事业，直面生活的基本事实，看看生
11、活能教给他什么。也就是去发现人类可以从大自然中学到什么。选项C符合原文。2.事实细节题。根据关键信息“the problem of economics”定位到文中“As he understood the problem of economics, there were three possible solutions open to him: to exploit himself, to exploit his fellows, or to reduce the problem to its lowest denominator.”随着他对经济学问题的理解，有三种可能的解决方案摆在他面前：利
12、用自己，利用同伴，或者让问题回归到最本质的状态。接下来阐述了前面两种可能都是不可行的；然后解释了“让问题回归到最本质的状态”其实就是过简单快乐的生活，所以选项A正确。3.事实细节题。根据原文“He did not advocate that other men should build cabins and live isolated. He had no wish to dogmatize concerning the best mode of livingeach must settle that for himself. But that a satisfying life should
13、 be lived, he was vitally concerned.”他不主张其他人应该建造小木屋，过与世隔绝的生活。他不想武断地认为什么是最好的生活方式每个人都必须自己解决这个问题。但他非常关心的是，我们应该要过一种令人满意的生活。选项D符合原文。4.推理判断题。根据原文最后几句话可知：“But it is a book of social criticism as well,.”涉及选项C；“In considering the true nature of economy he concluded, with Ruskin, that.”涉及选项A和D；只有选项B没有涉及，所以本题选
14、B。5.观点态度题。根据原文内容可知，Thoreau满足于搬到瓦尔登湖，过上简单却满足的生活，实际上是想逃离现在的社会，说明他对社会是持逃避的态度，所以选项B正确。选项D含有贬义，所以选项B更恰当。2. 单选题You will see this product （ ）wherever you go.问题1选项A.to be advertisedB.advertisedC.advertiseD.advertising【答案】B【解析】语法（分词作后置定语）题。分析题干可知，空格处填入的是定语来修饰this product。而product和advertise是被动关系，所以用表被动的过去分词作后
15、置定语，B选项正确。3. 问答题Not all of the people like this movie. (popular)【答案】This movie is not popular in all of the people.4. 单选题Those people （ ）a general understanding of the present situation.问题1选项A.lack ofB.are lacking ofC.lackD.are in lack【答案】C【解析】语法题。根据句子结构，可知空格中填入谓语，因为lack为及物动词，其后接宾语无需用介词，选项A和B可排除。又因为固定搭配in lack of “缺少，缺乏”，选项D可排除。句意：这些人缺乏对目前形势的基本了解。根据排除法，选项C符合题意。5. 单选题The government made no （ ）in the fight against inflation; indeed the situation has worsened recently.问题1选项A.effectB.headway
