《2022年考博英语-湖南师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第36期》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-湖南师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第36期（15页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、2022年考博英语-湖南师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题With his face （ ）by a mask, the fireman dashed into the house on fire.问题1选项A.hiddenB.concealedC.screenedD.buried【答案】C【解析】四个词都有“掩饰, 掩藏”之意, 但侧重点不同。hide 般用于hide sb/sth in a place；conceal隐瞒, 一般表示“掩饰, 不让别人发现”；screen表示“遮蔽以起到保护的效果”；bury表示“埋葬”。根据句意可知, 所以C符合语境。2. 单选题The
2、 employer tried to（ ） his employees from staging rolling strikes by threatening to close down the entire plant.问题1选项A.forbidB.intimidateC.avoidD.distract【答案】A【解析】forbid from.为固定搭配，意为“阻止，禁止”。句意：雇主威胁要关闭整个工厂，试图阻止他的员工罢工。选项A符合句意。3. 单选题He had read a patent liver-circular, in which were detailed the variou
3、s（ ）by which a man could tell his liver was out of order.问题1选项A.signalsB.systemC.symptomsD.symbols【答案】C【解析】句意：他读过一个专门的肝脏循环图, 里面详细地描述了各种症状, 人们通过这些症状可以知道他的肝脏是否出了问题。选项C符合句意。4. 翻译题 The educated man is presumed to know what is wrong in the world, and what should be done to rectify it. If his education ha
4、s amounted to anything, it should have increased his ability to think clearly and scientifically, and thus to know how to get at the cause and effect of political, social, economic industrial evils. No man has right to consider education as merely a personal benefit enabling him to be more prosperou
5、s and happy in the world. He must look upon it as imposing upon him a responsibility to increase the welfare of others. Too many regard it as their own possession, and do not realize that it is something to be shared with others, and to be used for good of society at large.【答案】受过教育的人被认定能辨别是非, 并能正确改正
6、。如果他受的教育已经达到了一定程度, 便能提高其进行清晰和科学思维的能力, 从而了解政治、社会、经济工业犯罪所产生的原因和所造成的影响。没有任何人有资格只把教师当作自己的个人利益, 利用教育使自 己在这世界上变得更加富有和幸福。他必须把它看作为强加于他身上的以増加他人福利的职责。太多人把教育作为自己独有的财富, 从未认识到应该与他人一起分享, 将其最大限 度地用在社会公益事业上。5. 单选题Urban motorways have proved no solution to Britains _ traffic congestionindeed some say they have made
7、it worse.问题1选项A.abundantB.adamantC.stickyD.chronic【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项abundant“大量的，充裕的”；B选项adamant“坚决的”；C选项sticky“难办的，棘手的”；D选项chronic“长期的，难以治愈（或根除）的”。句意：事实证明，城市高速公路并不能解决英国_的交通拥堵问题事实上，有的人说，城市高速公路让情况更糟了。横线处修饰traffic congestion“交通拥堵问题”，交通拥堵问题不是短时间形成和解决的，没有提到会带来很严重的后果，需要立刻解决，不至于棘手，D选项chronic“长期的，难以治愈（或根
8、除）的”符合题意。因此D选项正确。6. 单选题To alleviate the problem of contaminated chicken, the experts recommend that the government shift its inspection emphasis from cursory bird-by-bird visual check to a more _ random sampling for bacterial and chemical contamination.问题1选项A.rigorousB.perfunctoryC.symbolicD.discree
9、t【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项rigorous“严格的，严厉的；严密的；严酷的”；B选项perfunctory“敷衍的；马虎的；得过且过的”；C选项symbolic“象征的；符号的；使用符号的”；D选项discreet“谨慎的；小心的”。句意：为缓解鸡的污染问题，专家们建议政府把检查重点从走马观花式的肉眼检查改为进行更为_的对细菌和化学污染进行随机取样检查。根据shift“改变”可知，横线处应填一个与cursory“粗略的”意思相反的词。且由检查重点从肉眼检查到改进为对细菌和化学污染随机取样检查，可知检查推向深入，较以前更加严格，A选项rigorous“严格的”符合题意。因此A选项
10、正确。7. 单选题Most staff in this office did not like the manageress, for she was known to be sly, selfish and（ ）.问题1选项A.manifestedB.manipulativeC.conscientiousD.controversial【答案】B【解析】manifested显然的；manipulative操纵的；conscientious认真的；controversial有争议的。根据句意可知, 填空处应填入和sly,selfish意思相近的贬义词, 所以选项B更符合语境。8. 单选题The
11、annual review of American company board practices by Korn/Ferry, a firm of headhunters, is a useful indicator of the health of corporate governance. This years review, published on November 12th, shows that the Sarbanes-Oxley act, passed in 2002 to try to prevent a repeat of corporate collapses such
12、 as Enrons and WorldComs, has had an impact on the boardroom-albeit at an average implementation cost that Korn/Ferry estimates at $5.1 m per firm.Two years ago, only 41% of American firms said they regularly held meetings of directors without their chief executive present; this year the figure was
13、93%. But some things have been surprisingly unaffected by the backlash against corporate scandals. For example, despite a growing feeling that former chief executives should not sit on their companys board, the percentage of American firms where they do has actually edged up, from 23% in 2003 to 25%
14、 in 2004.Also, disappointingly few firms have split the jobs of chairman and chide executive. Another survey of American boards published this week, by A.T. Kearney, a firm of consultants, found that in 2002, 14% of the boards of S&P 500 firms had separated the roles, and a further 16% said they pla
15、nned to do so. But by 2004 only 23% overall had taken the plunge. A survey earlier in the year by consultants at McKinsey found that 70% of American directors and investors supported the idea of splitting the jobs, which is standard practice in Europe.Another disappointment is the slow progress in abolishing “staggered” boardsones where only one-third of the directors are up for re-election each year, to three-year terms. Invented as a defense against takeover, such boards, according t
