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1、学学士学位论文灯壳冲压下料机械手的液压系统设计摘要 机械工业是国民的装备部，是为国民经济提供装备和为人民生活提供耐用消费品的产业。机械工业的规模和技术水平是衡量国家经济实力和科学技术水平的重要标志。因此，世界各国都把发展机械工业作为发展本国经济的战略重点之一。生产水平及科学技术的不断进步与发展带动了整个机械工业的快速发展。现代工业中，生产过程的机械化，自动化已成为突出的主题。然而在机械工业中，加工、装配等生产是不连续的。单靠人力将这些不连续的生产工序衔接起来，不仅费时而且效率不高。同时人的劳动强度非常大，有时还会出现失误及伤害。显然，这严重影响制约了整个生产过程的效率和自动化程度。机械手的应用
2、很好的解决了这一情况，它不存在重复的偶然失误，也能有效的避免了人身事故。机器人并不是在简单意义上代替人工的劳动，而是综合了人的特长和机器特长的一种拟人的机械装置，既有人对环境状态的快速反应和分析判断能力，又有机器可长时间持续工作、精确度高、抗恶劣环境的能力，从某种意义上说它也是机器的进化过程产物，它是工业以及非产业界的重要生产和服务性设备，也是先进制造技术领域不可缺少的自动化设备。液压驱动是机械手中使用最为广泛的一中驱动方式。该灯壳冲压生产线用伺服型下料机械手的驱动方式也选用了液压驱动。因此，本次毕业设计的主要任务是为灯壳冲压自动生产线用伺服型下料机械手配备驱动系统。其中包括液压系统原理的设计
3、，液压泵站的设计。此外，参照机械手设计基础还画出了机械手的外部结构图，升降油缸和回转油缸的装配图、手指和手腕的装配图。 本文主要叙述了液压方面的一些设计计算过程。其中包括：液压缸的参数设计，各种液压元件的选择，电机的选择，液压集成块的设计，液压系统的安装和维护。关键字 机械手；液压驱动；液压泵站；液压系统Lamp Shell Stamping Cutting Manipulator Hydraulic System DesignAbstractMachinery industry is National Armaments,is to provide durable consumer good
4、s for peoples life for the national economy to provide equipment and Industry.Machinery industry scale and technology level is an important symbol to measure the strength of the national economy and the level of science and technology. Therefore, all countries in the world to develop machinery indus
5、try as one of the key strategy of the development of the national economy. Continuous progress and development level of production and science and technology has driven the rapid development of the machinery industry.In modern industry, the production process of mechanization, automation has become
6、a prominent theme. However, in the machinery industry, machining, assembly and other production is not continuous. Relying on human link these discontinuous production process, not only time-consuming and inefficient. At the same time, the labor intensity is very large, sometimes the failure and dam
7、age.Obviously, this seriously restrict the efficiency and automation of the whole production process. Application of manipulator is a very good solution to this situation, it does not exist accidental mistakes repeatedly, can effectively avoid accidents.The robot is not to replace manual labor in th
8、e simple sense, but a combination of a mechanical device for anthropomorphic people skills and expertise of the machine, as a man on the state of the environment of rapid response and the analysis judgment ability, and the machine can work continuously for long time, high precision, resistance to ha
9、rsh environment capacity, says evolutionary process it is also a product of the machine from some kind of meaning, it is the industrial and non-industrial sector an important production and service equipment, automation equipment is indispensable in the field of advanced manufacturing technology.Hyd
10、raulic driving mechanical hands is the most widely used in a driving way. Drive the manipulator of the shell stamping production line with servo type chooses the hydraulic drive. Therefore, the main task of this graduation design is the manipulator is equipped with a driving system of automatic prod
11、uction line for the shell stamping with servo type.The design includes the design principle of hydraulic system, the hydraulic pump station. In addition, according to manipulator design basis also shows the external structure of the manipulator, a lifting oil cylinder and a rotating cylinder assembl
12、y drawing assembly drawing, finger and wrist.This paper mainly describes the design of the hydraulic calculation process of some aspects of the. Including: the parameter design of hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic components selection, choice of motor, design of hydraulic manifold block, the installatio
13、n and maintenance of hydraulic system.Keywords Manipulator；Hydraulic Drive；Hydraulic Station；Hydraulic System目录摘要IABSTRACTII第1章 绪论11.1机械手在工业中的应用11.2 机械手的组成11.2.1 执行机构21.2.2 驱动系统21.2.3 控制系统21.2.4 位置检测装置2第2章 概述32.1下料机械手的规格参数32.2 下料机械手的机械机构及其工作原理42.2.1手臂升降、回转运动机构42.2.2手臂伸缩运动机构42.2.3手腕回转机构和手腕结构5第3章 下料机械
14、手的液压系统工作原理63.1 下料机械手的驱动方式63.2 液压系统大体有以下五部分组成63.3 液压传动的特点63.4 下料机械手的液压系统工作原理7第4章 下料机械手液压油缸设计计算104.1 手臂伸缩油缸的设计计算104.1.1 伸缩缸外伸的载荷分析104.1.2 伸缩缸的尺寸计算（以外伸时计算）114.1.3 伸缩缸外伸时流量计算114.1.4 缩缸回缩时所需的压力计算114.1.5 缩缸的缸长的设计计算114.1.6 缩缸回缩时所需的流量计算124.2手臂回转油缸的设计计算124.2.1 回转油缸的力矩计算124.2.2 回转油缸的排量计算124.3 夹紧油缸的设计计算124.3.1
15、 工作负载的分析124.4 夹紧油缸所需压力计算144.5夹紧油缸所需泵流量的计算14第5章 液压系统设计计算165.1 液压泵的选择165.1.2 液压泵的最大工作压力Pp165.1.3 确定液压泵的最大流量Qp165.1.4 确定液压泵165.2电机的选择165.2.1 确定液压泵的驱动功率P165.2.2 电机的选择175.3液压阀的选择与专用件的设计175.3.1 液压阀的选择175.3.2 管道尺寸的确定185.3.3 邮箱容积的确定185.3.4 液压油的选择185.4液压系统的发热温升的计算195.4.1 液压系统的发热功率计算195.4.2 液压系统的散热计算19第6章 液压集成块的设计206.1 液压集成块的组成结构206.2 集成块的设计步骤20第7章 液压站的设计227.1油箱的设计227.2液压站的结构设计227.2.1 液压泵的电机安装方式227.2.2 液压站的结构设计23第8章 液压泵的维护与安装248.1 液压元件的安装248.2 液压元件的维护24结论25致谢26参考文献27附录2811第1章 绪
