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1、宾语从句知识点梳理(总11页)-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company Onel-CAL -本页仅作为文档封面,使用请直接删除宾语从句知识点梳理宾语从句:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。根据作用的不同,宾语从句的引导词通常分为以下几类:连接词词义功能that无词义不作成分,只起连接作用,口语中可省略whether/if是否不作成分,但不能省略wha t,which,who,whose等连接代词什么,哪个,谁,谁的作主语、宾语、表语、半;五樂 疋语等when,where,why,how等连接副词表时间,地点
2、,原因,方式等作状语知识点1宾语从句的连官接词的用法在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。常用的连接词有:that; if; whether; what; which; who; whom; when; where; how; why 等。1. 【考查点】宾语从句是陈述句时,用that引导。在口语中that常被省略。 如: I know(that) you are a student.2. 【考查点】宾语从句是一般疑问句时,用讦或whether来引导。if, whether意为“是否”, whether 还可以与 or not 连用。如: Lily wanted to know if her g
3、randma liked the handbag. 莉莉想知道她的姐姐是否喜欢这个手提袋。3. 【考查点】宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,用疑问词引导。如: He didnt tell me where he was going.他没告诉我他想去哪儿。Can you tell me what he said just now?你能告诉我他刚才说什么吗?知识点 2:宾语从句的语序1. 陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。如: She said, “ I will leave a message on the desk.” 她说她会在桌上留口信的。She said that she w
4、ould leave a message on the desk.2. 【考查点】一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈 述句语序。如: “Where are the tickets?” I asked him.我问他票在哪儿。I asked him where the tickets were.注意:宾语从句的人称要遵循“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”的原则。如下表:直接引语的主语变为间接引语后第一人称与主句的主语致第二人称与主句的宾语致第三人称不变知识点 3:宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,宾语从句的时态不受限制,可以根据
5、实际表 达的需要来确定。女口: Could you tell me what he said at the meeting ?你能告诉我他在会上说什么。He will tell us that he has been able to look after himself. 他会告诉我们他已经能告诉他自己。Tell him when we will finish our work.告诉他我们什么时候完成工作。2. 【考查点】如果主句是过去的某种时态,宾语从句应与主句保持一致,用过去的某种时态。 如: He said that he was born in Wenzhou in 1996.他说他
6、1996年出生于温州。They said that they had already seen the film. 他们说他们已经看过这部电影了。3. 【易错点】如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、格言、科学真理时,从句时态不受主句限 制,用一般现在时。如: Everyone knew there are 365 days in a year.大家都知道一年有 365天。She said that two heads are better than one. 她说三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。He said that the sun rises in the east.知识点 4:宾语从句的否定前移【考查
7、点】 在宾语从句中,当主句的谓语动词为 think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose 等时,如 果主句为 I 或 we 时,从句中表示否定意义的 not 应移到 think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose 等 前。如: I dont suppose he will come.我猜他不会来。注意:如果主句主语不是I或we,则not不前移。 如: She thinks she cant arrive there on time.她认为她不能按时到那儿。知识点 5:宾语从句的简化1. 【考査点】当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同
8、,且谓语动词是hope, wish, decide等时,从句 可简化为不定式结构。如: I hope that I can see you again.=1 hope to see you agai n.我希望能再次见到你。2. 【考查点】当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且谓语动词是 know, remember, forget, learn 等时,句可简化为“疑问词不定式”结构。如: I dont know what I should say.=1 dont know what to say.我不知道该说什么。3.【考查点】当主句的谓语动词是 ask, tell, show, teach
9、等,且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语 一致时,从句可简化为不定式结构或“疑问词不定式”结构。女口: Mr Hu tells us that we shouldnt draw on the wall.= Mr Hu tells us not to draw on the wall. 胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps ?= Will you please tell me where to buy stamps ? 请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票练习及分析1、-Can you tell me to London?-
10、SureNext month()Awhen you will travelCwhen you travelled 【考点】宾语从句。Bwhen will you travelDwhen did you travel【分析】-你能告诉我什么时候去伦敦旅游吗?-当然了。下周。【解答】考查宾语从句的用法.宾语从句的语序为陈述语序,故排除B和D;根据答语nextmonth 可知,从句为一般将来时态,排除 C.故选: A2、-Could you tell me-At nine oclock, in ten minutes()Ahow will he leave Bwhen he has leftCwhy
11、 he is leaving Dwhen he will leave【考点】宾语从句【分析】 -你能告诉我他什么时候离开吗?-在十分钟后,九点【解答】答案: D根据问句知此题考查宾语从句.考生可分三步答题:1.陈述语序排除法,2.根据句意选择合适 的引导词,3.根据时态判断。首先,排除不是陈述语序的选项A;再根据句意来选择合适的引导 词根据答语可排除C,B选项;最后根据时态检验,主句为Could you tell me为一般现在时,从句 时态可根据自身情况选择,根据答语知为将来的时间,故用一般将来时。故选D.3、-Can you tell me-He lives in Shanghai.()A
12、. where Mark lives B. where does Mark live C. where Mark lived D. where did Mark live【考点】宾语从句。【分析】 -你能告诉我 Mark 住在哪里吗?-他住在上海。【解答】答案:A根据Can you tell me再结合选项,可知Can you tell me后面是跟一个宾语从 句,宾语从句中应该用陈述语序,即主语+谓语,所以排除B,D.再根据He lives inShanghai.是说现在他住在上海。可知是一般现在时,故排除C。故选:A.4、 Could you tell me_his hometown?Th
13、e day after tomorrow, I think.()A. when will you visit B. when you will visitC. why you will visitD. how you will visit【考点】宾语从句.【分析】 -你能告诉我你什么时候访问张爱萍的家乡吗?-我想后天吧.【解答】答案: B.根据Could you tell me,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法.在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述 句语序,选项A是疑问句语序,排除掉.再根据The day after tomorrow,可知这里表示的是时 间,提问时间的话应该用when.故选B.5、
14、-Do you know -Let me see. I remember it was on March 18th.()A. why did they move hereB. why they moved hereC. when did they move hereD. when they moved here【考点】宾语从句.【分析】 -你知道他们什么时候搬到这里来的吗?-让我想想,我记得是在 3月 18日.【解答】答案: D.根据Do you know可知,本题考查宾语从句,宾语从句中一般为陈述语序,选项AC是疑问语 序,所以排除掉;再根据I remember it was on Marc
15、h 18th,可知这里表示的是时间,而且是一个 过去的时间,所以宾语从句的引导词是when,时态应该用一般过去时.故选D6、 -Excuse me. Could you tell me about the local history and culture?-Of course. You can check it on this computer.()A. how can I get the informationB. what information did I getC. where I can get the information Dthat I got the information【考点】宾语从句【分析】 -对不起,你能告诉我在哪里可以找到有关当地的历史和文化的信息吗?-当然可以你可以在这台电脑上查一下它【解答】答案: C根据Could you tell me,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法.在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述 句语序,选项AB是疑问句语