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1、2022年考博英语-中国财政科学研究院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题For a large number of young adults in Britain homeownership has become increasingly difficult to achieve, viewed as a distant goal attainable only later in life, if at all.That is a significant shift in Britain. For years owners occupy a higher percentage of
2、homes in Britain than in the United States, France, or Germany. One reason homeownership is so attractive in Britain is because property values dropped less drastically than in the United States, in part because of a shortage in housing. Prices in some large cities, including London, have even incre
3、ased recently. People still perceive a home to be a better and safer investment than a pension fund, said Andrew Hull, research fellow at the Institute for Public Policy Research. “Homeownership is also culturally entrenched,” he said. “Owning a home is the main way of showing you made it.”The big s
4、hift toward homeownership came in the 1980s when Mrs. Thatcher issued right-to-buy policy, which allowed many in rented government housing to buy their homes. About two million homes were sold, earning the government tens of billions of pounds. At the same time, the rental market became increasingly
5、 unattractive. Unlike Germany and other Continental European countries, Britains private rental market is highly fragmented, with many landlords and laws that generally favor the property owner. Most leases are for six months only, with landlords rarely agreeing to commit to longer terms; this makes
6、 renting highly insecure.But as the pain of government-imposed austerity sinks in disposable income has shrunk and loan requirement have toughened, forcing more and more Britons into renting rather than buying. Over the last 10 years the number of people who owned homes here dropped to 67 percent fr
7、om 70 percent. Meanwhile, the number of people in private rented house rose to 16 percent from 10 percent over the same period, according to the Office for National Statistics. Rising demand has pushed up rents by an average of 4.4 percent over the last year, according to LSL Property Service. In Lo
8、ndon rents increased 7.8 percent.“A growing number of young wouldbe buyers are preparing for lifelong-rentingby necessity rather than choice,” said Jonathan Moore, director of easy roommate. co. uk, a property Web site. Charlotte Ashton, 30, has lived in rented accommodations ever since she left her
9、 parents home to attend university. She said she was saving for a down payment to buy her own home. “I do believe in the fundamentals of owning bricks and mortar as security for the future, more than leaving my money in the banks as a low interest rate”, said Ms. Ashton, who works in public relation
10、s. “But now it seems unless you have a very well paid job and are willing to save every penny, its unfeasible to buy without the help of the bank of Mum and Dad.”Some economists are concerned that as more people are forced to wait to buy a home, it could open up a widening of the wealth gap that alr
11、eady exists between homeowners and non homeowners, endangering the retirement prospects for a swelling group of young adults they call “generation rent.” It could also have implications for the cohesion of neighborhoods, Alison Blackwell, a research director at the National Center for Social Researc
12、h and author of the Halifax report said. Renters tend to be less involved in local communities because they are forced to move more often. And the economy as a whole may suffer because renters tend to curb spending to save fora deposit.36. For British people, buying house is _.37. Mrs. Thatchers rig
13、ht-to-buy policy has led to _.38. Which of the following statements about Generation Rent is true?39. It can be inferred from the passage that _.40. More peoples inclination to rent rather than buy a house will not _.问题1选项A.a distant goalB.a symbol of successC.a compulsory choiceD.nothing but an inv
14、estment问题2选项A.the homeownership bustB.the economic recoveryC.the homeownership boomD.the economic recession问题3选项A.They consider renting as a lifelong plan rather than a temporary choice.B.They are in face of economic downturn and a risk of early retirement.C.They despise the idea of asking parents f
15、or money to buy house.D.They still believe in the blessing of house just like their previous generation.问题4选项A.the rental market and the buying market always develop in reverse directionB.it is impossible for the first-time buyers to get a mortgage under current economic situationC.buying house is a
16、 more profitable investment than buying fund under current economic situationD.Britains real estate market is less volatile than that of other European countries问题5选项A.enlarge the wealth disparity between the haves and have notsB.reduce the renters commitment to the communityC.slow the recovery of economyD.curb soci
