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1、大学英语自学教程下.doc大学英语自学教程下大学英语自学教程是由北大、清华、人大等名校百名命题专家，严格按照最新自考大纲及最新教材精心编写而成的。下面是给大家整理的大学英语自学教程下，供大家参阅!大学英语自学教程内容简介1. 本系列试卷由北大、清华、人大等名校百名命题专家，严格按照最新自考大纲及最新教材精心编写而成，并辅以部分阅卷教师的指点和参与，从而有着极强的标准性、权威性、预测性;2. 本系列试卷注重考前模拟循序渐进、阶次提高，从而逐步进入最佳临战状态;本套试卷共十份，建议每周做一份，切忌一曝十寒;3. 最好按正式考试时间（上午或下午，150分钟）不间断地独自完成所有试题，尽量不要超过时间
2、，不要急于看答案，以达到真正的模拟考核;4. 做完一套试题后，请对比试卷后的答案及评分标准给自己评定一个分数，最后认真研究试题解析，弄懂每一道题的解题思路，不要背题目、背答案，题目做错了，要深究做错的原因，同样的错误只同意犯一次，最好找到教材或同步辅导的相关章节进行有针对地复习，以达到举一反三、融会贯穿效果;5. 本系列试卷为完全标准预测，分值权重、题型题量、题的难易度、时间安排等均与最新真题一致，所以考生在进行自测时，最好有意识地调整做题心态，以逐步养成良好的考场状态;6. 考生应及时总结每套试卷在模拟考核中的得与失，力争做一套就有收获，每做一套就有提高，日积月累，就会有质的突破;7. 本系
3、列试卷后附有最新真题及答案，考生可在做完预测试卷后，试着做真题，逐步掌握考试命题规律，以便在考场上能做到驾轻就熟，成竹在胸。大学英语自学教程下册decisionischoicemdefrommonglterntivecoursesofctionthtrevilble.Thepurposeofmkingdecisionistoestblishndchieveorgniztionlgolsndobjectives.Theresonformkingdecisionisthtproblemexists,golsorobjectivesrewrong,orsomethingisstndinginthew
4、yofccomplishingthem.Thusthedecision-mkingprocessisfundmentltomngement.lmosteverythingmngerdoesinvolvesdecisions,indeed,somesuggestthtthemngementprocessisdecisionmking.lthoughmngerscnnotpredictthefuture,mnyoftheirdecisionsrequirethttheyconsiderpossiblefutureevents.Oftenmngersmustmkebestguesstwhtthefu
5、turewillbendtrytoleveslittlespossibletochnce,hutsinceuncertintyislwysthere,riskccompniesdecisions.Sometimestheconsequencesofpoordecisionreslight;tothertimestheyreserious.Choiceistheopportunitytoselectmonglterntives.Ifthereisnochoice,thereisnodecisiontobemde.Decisionmkingistheprocessofchoosing,ndmnyd
6、ecisionshvebrodrngeofchoice.Forexmple,studentmybebletochoosemongnumberofdifferentcoursesinordertoimplementthedecisiontoobtincollegedegree.Formngers,everydecisionhsconstrintsbsedonpolicies,procedures,lws,precedents,ndthelike.Theseconstrintsexisttlllevelsoftheorgniztion.lterntivesrethepossiblecourseso
7、fctionfromwhichchoicescnbemde.Ifthererenolterntives,thereisnochoicend,therefore,nodecision.Ifnolterntivesreseen,oftenitmensthtthoroughjobofexminingtheproblemshsnotbeendone.Forexmple,mngerssometimestretproblemsinneither/orfshion;thisistheirwyofsimplifyingcomplexproblems.Butthetendencytosimplifyblinds
8、themtootherlterntives.tthemngerillevel,decisionmkingincludeslimitinglterntivesswellsidentifyingthem,ndtherngeisfromhighlylimitedtoprcticllyunlimited.Decisionmkersmusthvesomewyofdeterminingwhichofseverllterntivesisbest-thtis,whichcontributesthemosttothechievementoforgniztionlgols.norgniztionlgolisnen
9、dorstteofffirstheorgniztionseekstorech.Becuseindividuls(ndorgniztions)frequentlyhvedifferentidesbouthowtottinthegols,thebestchoicemydependonwhomkesthedecision.Frequently,deprtmentsorunitswithinnorgniztionmkedecisionsthtregoodforthemindividullybutthtrelessthnoptimlforthelrgerorgniztion.Clledsuboptimi
10、ztion,thisistrde-offthtincresesthedvntgestooneunitorfunctionbutdecresesthedvntgestonotherunitorfunction.Forexmple,themrketingmngermyrgueeffectivelyfornincreseddvertisingbudget.Inthelrgerschemeofthings,however,incresedfundingforreserchtoimprovetheproductsmightbemorebeneficiltotheorgniztion.Thesetrde-
11、offsoccurbecusethereremnyobjectivesthtorgniztionswishtottinsimultneously.Someoftheseobjectivesremoreimportntthnothers,buttheordernddegreeofimportnceoftenvryfrompersontopersonndfromdeprtmenttodeprtment.Differentmngersdefinethesmeproblemindifferentterms.Whenpresentedwithcommoncse,slesmngerstendtoseesl
12、esproblems,productionmngersseeproductionproblems,ndsoon.Theorderingndimportnceofmultipleobjectivesislsobsed,inprt,onthevluesofthedecisionmker.Suchvluesrepersonl;theyrehrdtounderstnd,evenbytheindividul,becusetheyresodynmicndcomplex.Inmnybusinesssitutionsdifferentpeoplesvluesboutcceptbledegreesofriskn
13、dprofitbilitycusedisgreementboutthecorrectnessofdecisions.Peopleoftenssumethtdecisionisnisoltedphenomenon.Butfromsystemspointofview,problemshvemultiplecuses,nddecisionshveintendedndunintendedconsequences.norgniztionisnongoingentity,nddecisionmdetodymyhveconsequencesfrintothefuture.Thustheskilledmnge
14、rlookstowrdthefutureconsequencesofcurrentdecisions.Thesubjectoftodystlkisinterviews.Thekeywordshererepreprtionndconfidence,whichwillcrryyoufr.Doyourhomeworkfirst.Findoutllyoucnboutthejobyourepplyingforndtheorgniztionyouhopetoworkfor.MnyoftheemployersIinterviewedmdethesmecriticismofcndidtes.Theyhveno
15、idewhtthedytodyworkofthejobbringsbout.Theyhvevguenotionsoffurtheringthecompnysprospectsorofservingthecommunity,buthvenevertkenthetroubletofindoutthectultskstheywillberequiredtodo.Donotletthisbesidofyou.Itshowsnunttrctiveindifferencetoyouremployerndtoyourjob.Tkethetimetoputyourselfintotheinterviewers
16、plce.Hewntssomebodywhoishrd-workingwithplesntpersonlityndrelinterestinthejob.nythingthtyoufindoutbouttheprospectiveemployercnbeusedtoyourdvntgeduringtheinterviewtoshowthtyouhvebotheredtomstersomefctsboutthepeoplewhoyouhopetoworkfor.Writedown(ndremember)thequestionsyouwnttosktheinterviewer(s)sothtyourenotspeechlesswhentheyinviteyourquestions.Mkesureththolidysndpyrenotthefir
