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1、2022年考博英语-南京大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The famous inventor was awarded an（ ）_ doctorate by the university.问题1选项A.honoraryB.honorableC.honoredD.honorific【答案】A【解析】形近异义词辨析。honorary“荣誉的”；honorable“可敬的”；honored“受尊敬的”；honorific“表示敬意的”。句意：这位著名的发明家被这个大学授予了荣誉的博士学位。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题Her jewelry （ ）under the spotlig
2、hts and she became the dominant figure at the ball.问题1选项A.glaredB.glitteredC.blazedD.glowed【答案】B【解析】考查近义词动词辨析。四个动词都有发光的意思，glare强调发出耀眼的强光；glitter强调闪闪发光选；blaze强调火焰燃烧发出的强光；glow多指冶炼铁和钢时发出的光。题目中提到的是珠宝闪闪发光。选项B符合题意。3. 单选题Plato-who may have understood better what forms the mind of man than do some of our co
3、ntemporaries who want their children exposed only to “real” people and everyday events-knew what intellectual experiences make for true humanity. He suggested that the future citizens of his ideal republic begin their literary education with the telling of myths, rather than with mere facts or so-ca
4、lled rational teachings. Even Aristotle, master of pure reason, said, “The friend of wisdom is also a friend of myth.”Modern thinkers who have studied myths and fairy tales from a philosophical or psychological viewpoint arrive at the same conclusion, regardless of their original persuasion. Mircea
5、Eliade, for one, describes these stories as models for human behavior that give meaning and value to life. ” He and others suggest that myths and fairy tales were derived from, or give symbolic expression to, initiation rites or rites of passage such as metaphoric death of an old, inadequate self in
6、 order to be reborn on a higher plane of existence. He feels that this is why these tales meet a strongly felt need and are carriers of such deep meaning.Other investigations with a depth-psychological orientation emphasize the similarities between the fantastic events in myths and fairy tales and t
7、hose in adult dreams and daydreams the fulfillment of wishes, the winning out over all competitors, the destruction of enemies-and conclude that one attraction of this literature is its expression of that which is normally prevented from coming to awareness. There are, however, very significant diff
8、erences between fairy tales and dreams.There is general agreement that myths and fairy tales speak to us in the language of symbols representing unconscious content. Their appeal is simultaneously to our conscious mind, and to our ideals as well. This makes it very effective; and in the tales conten
9、t, inner psychological phenomena are given in symbolic form.1.In the opening paragraph, the author quotes Plato and Aristotle primarily in order to（ ）.2.In paragraph 2, the word “persuasion” means（ ）.3.It can be inferred from the passage that the authors interest in fairy tales centers chiefly on th
10、eir4.Which of the following best describes the authors attitude toward fairy tales?问题1选项A.define the nature of mythB.contrast their opposing points of viewC.support the point that myths are valuableD.prove that myths originated in ancient times问题2选项A.enticementB.convincing forceC.political partD.opi
11、nion问题3选项A.literary qualitiesB.historical backgroundC.psychological relevanceD.ethical weakness问题4选项A.Open approvalB.Reluctant fascination.C.Indulgent tolerance.D.Wary skepticism.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:C第4题:A【解析】1.主旨题，考查对文意的理解。根据第一段，“He suggested that the future citizens of his ideal republic begin their
12、 literary education with the telling of myths”，柏拉图想让国家的公民以神话故事开始他们的文学教育，亚里士多德也认为神话和智慧同等重要，选项C符合题意。2.词义理解题。persuasion 本身具有“信念”的意思，文章意思是，那些近代思想家们无论原本的理念是什么，从哲学和心理学的角度去研究神话故事都会得到相同的结论。所以opinion也有想法，信念的意思。选项D符合题意。3.信息推断题。根据文章第三段“other investigations with a depth-psychological orientation”，深度的心理调查，看出作者主要
13、是对其中的心理方面感兴趣，根据第四段“in the tales content, inner psychological phenomena are given in symbolic form”，在故事中，内在的心理现象以象征的形式呈现，也表明了作者对心理的兴趣。选项C符合题意。4.文意理解题。文章第一段作者就表明对神话故事的学习持支持态度，第二段也提出了神话故事的意义所在，最后一段谈到了神话故事的象征意义和心理形式也同样有吸引力，所以作者是赞同肯定的态度。选项A符合题意。4. 单选题Always since the creation of celluloid, plastics have
14、been found to have a multitude of industrial and com mercial uses.问题1选项A.AlwaysB.plasticsC.to haveD.a multitude of【答案】A【解析】根据题意，A选项句首应该为ever since“自从”，句意：自从发明了电影胶片，人们发现塑料有很多商业和工业的用途。选项A符合题意。5. 单选题Opinion polls are now beginning to show that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high
15、 unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have to make ways of sharing the available employment more widely.But we need to go further. We must ask some primary questions about the future of work. Would we continue to treat employment as the norm? Would we not rather encourage many other ways for self- respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighborhood, as well
