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1、Tranlate thefolwinmteial into ChineseCNCEPT WE LIVE YGe akof andMark ohson Mehor sor st peopl deicof the poeiciginaton ad the toica fuih-a tter of extraorinay rather han ordinarnuae. reovr,mtar s tyca ewed s charatic oflanguaeale, a mattr of words rate thntoughoracton rths rson，os oplthik the can et
2、alng perel wewhouteah. have fod，on the cty, that meahr is prvsiv in everydy life,nt js n angue bun tho and actio ur ordinary cnceptualystem， in term of wich w oth thk and at, ifundatal metaporca innature. Te cncpts thatgvrn our togt are nu mters f te intelec. he also govern our everydayfunctining,dw
3、nto theotmundandetils. urcocept stucture what w percv, hwe get arod in theworld, a how we relae o oher eopl Our onceptul sstet plas a centralrol in defing ou verday realite.If we rerightn suggesting tatou onceptual ystem is agey etaprcl， thn thwawethink hatwepience, adwhat we doveryis ery uch a mtte
4、 f thor. Bt ornceptusystem is not someting e are nrmaly wa of.in mos ofte lttle hswe doever da, we simpl thik and act or or ess auomatiall alog certa ines. Jusa theselies are is by omean bous. ne waytofind outisby loking at language Sincmuicaion is based o thesae cnceptulystemht weusei thinking ad c
5、ting， anggesanimrnt uref eidencefow hat system lke. rmarily on the sis of lgisic vnce， we have found that ost of our ordinaryconceptul ytemis metprcal i ur. And we have ond a wato begin toideiy in dai stwhat the metphors arehat strtue ow we eceie, how we think， nd whae do. ie ome ideaof wht it could
6、 mn o oncpt tobe metahoricaland forsuha ocept t struuen everyday acivity， leu ar wit th conceptAGUMNT and theconcepua metahorARGMNTIS WAR. Ts metaho is reflete ou eryayanuag b a wide variet ofexpressions：ARGMENT IS AYurlaims ar indefensibe.Heatackeeyweakpotin my ument.Hs criicisms w igh on target.I
7、deoihd hs agumn.venever wonan aumn with himYo dsagree？ay, hot!If you s hat trateg,hll wip ou out. Hsot owall ofmy arumens.t is imoran to eethat et st talabt rguments iterm of war.We an atualy in or lose argmen. esee the prs we ae rguin ih s a pponnt W atck hisositns and e dendu owWegan d loe gru W p
8、lan and ue strteiesf we fn asitionindeensibl， an anon it and ae a w ln fatack. Manof tetigs e do in arguing artiallysructurd by the coet owa houghtheris o phyic bttle, here a vrbal atle， ad thestruue f anargment-attac，efese，cunter-tac, etc-flects his. Itis in thisen thatthe ARGMEN I WRmtaphor is ne
9、hat we lie by ini culture; tsstruture the cns e prorm inarguing.Ty to imgiea cuture whre ument r ot iewed iems of war, wee no one wsorloses, where te is sense ttacking oefening， aining orlosin groun. Imagne a culue where n aumet viewesa dac, he ptipants ae seen as perormer， adhe gal is to pefr i aba
10、lancd daestheticaly pleasig wy.I such a culture, poplwould vierguments fferetly, exprience themdifftl， carr thmout irnly, ad ta out them differentl. ut we wouldproaby not view e asrgun a ll:heyoud sply doingomething diffeen t wold em srage even t call what hey we ong rgig. n rhapstot eutl wafdscibin
11、ghi diferec betwetheir culure and ours woule tosaythat w hve a discoure formsructure in terms of bttle andhey have onecturedin ters ofdanc. This is an exml f wht it means a metaphorial concept， namel, ARGUMENT IS WAR, o tructur（a least in part）wae do and owwe undertnd what wear doing when we rge. h
12、ssenc of metahr sunderstdinand experienc onkin of ting n trms of another. I isnot hat argumens are ubspis ofwar Aruments nd ars ar ifernt kins of tings-verbl disous and armeconlit-an theations perfodredffr kns oaons. Bu ARGUMT is partialy structred, undrtood, perfod, and talkeabu in trm ofWR h concept is methoicaly strutured, t actiityis etaphrilly stuctr,and， consquently,te langugeisetphril tuctured.我们赖以生存的概念 乔治莱考夫 和马克约翰逊对于大多数人来说隐喻是一种诗意的想象机制或华丽的修辞手法常
