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1、毕业设计(论文)报告 院（系） 电气工程学院 专 业 电气工程与 其自动化 设计（论文）题目 含DG配网智能电流保护研究 起 止 日 期2012年3月05日2012年6月10日设 计 地 点 动力楼117 Study on the distribution network adaptive over- current protectionA Dissertation Submitted to SoutheastUniversityFor the Academic Degree of Bachelor of Engineering ByYUAN Ru-longSupervised byProf.
2、 LU Yu-pingSchool of Electrical EngineeringSoutheastUniversityMay,2012 / 摘 要能源是人类社会存在和发展的物质基础，然而近年来，随着发展的加速，人类对能源的需求越来越大，一次能源面临枯竭，生态环境亦遭受破坏。为了应对能源的潜在危机和生态环境的不断恶化，许多国家在进行能源结构的调整过程中，将分布式电源放在了相当重要的位置上，分布式电源作为一种高效、可靠、环保的发电方式，在世界各地已得到了迅速的发展。然而，大量分布式电源接入配电网，会对配电系统的继电保护产生深刻的影响：中国城乡大多数的配电网仍以单电源放射状链式结构为主，当前配
3、网的保护也是以此为基础进行设计的。分布式电源的接入，将会改变传统配电网络的拓扑结构和潮流方向，使配电网的运行变得更加的复杂多变，原有继电保护设计整定的基础发生了改变，使得原有的的三段式电流保护的整定配合变得十分困难，会出现灵敏度降低、拒动、误动等一系列问题，给电力系统的安全、稳定运行带来了极大的隐患。因此研究DG对传统配电网三段式电流保护带来的影响以与提出应对策略，对未来分布式发电技术的应用和发展具有非常重要的意义。本文以典型10kV配电网为例，首先从分布式电源的接入位置、数量、故障点位置、接入容量等因素出发，考虑接入DG对配电网可能产生的影响进行定性分析，针对分析结果，提出一种针对含DG的配
4、电网智能电流保护方案。该方案基于相邻线路的通信来实现故障路段的识别，通过部分保护加装方向性元件，和断路器实现故障段的切除，以此为基础，并考虑多DG的情况，对保护装置的整定值进行重新修改整定，并计算基于该保护方案约束条件的DG的最大准入容量，最后，通过matlab软件进行仿真，验证方案的可行性。关键字：分布式电源（DG）；配电网；三段式电流保护；准入容量ABSTRACTEnergy is basis for the existence and development of human society. However, these years, with the accelerated deve
5、lopment of our society, our need for energy is increasing greatly. To make matters worse, the primary energy is dying up and ecological environment is also destroyed. So, in response to the potential energy crisis and destroyed ecological environment, the Distributed Generation is predicted to play
6、a quite important role in the power system because of its high efficiency, environmental-friendly, and reliable during the adjustment of energy structure in many countries. So far, the distributed generation has been rapid developed around the world. However, with the interconnection of a large numb
7、er of distributed generation to distribution network, it will have a profound impact on the protection of distribution systems. Mostdistribution systems especially rural systems are operated in a radial configuration supplied by one generation, and theprotection of distribution systems are based on
8、this configuration. The access of distributed generation, will greatly change the topology of the distribution network, and will make the power flow in multiple directions, which will deeply affect distribution network operating and controlling to make it more complex. The basis of the original prot
9、ection design has changed, which makes original protection system no longer applicable or bring traditional protection system new problems, such as sensitivity decrease, mis operation and malfunction, which will bring great risks to power system safe and stable operation. therefore it is very necess
10、ary to analyse the influence of the distributed generation to the distribution network protection and propose coping strategies，which is of great significance for the application and development of distributed generation technologies.This paper establishes a typical 10kV distribution network, and ba
11、sed on this,it analyses how different location, capacity, quantity of distribution generation and fault location and other factors affect the traditional distribution network protection. And against the results, it proposes intelligent protection schemes in the light of the traditional distribution
12、network including DG. The program is based on computer or communication to collect information between adjacent linesto achieve the identification of fault sections, then by mainly installing the direction elementsand circuit breakers to cut off the fault sections. As a basis, considering more DGs i
13、nterconnection, it needs to modify partial protection settings, and calculate the maximum capacity of DG allowed to interconnect to the distribution network. And finally it uses MATLAB to simulate and verify the feasibility. KEY WORDS: distributed generation; distribution network; 3-sectional curren
14、t protection; penetration level;目 录摘 要IABSTRACTII目 录IV第一章 绪论11.1研究背景与意义11.1.1分布式电源应用的意义11.1.2分布式电源应用现状11.1.3课题研究的意义31.2分布式电源技术的国外研究现状31.2.1DG对传统配电网三段式电流保护的影响研究31.2.2针对接入DG的配电网保护的对策研究41.3论文的主要工作4第二章 分布式发电技术与配电网继电保护介绍52.1分布式发电的定义与特点52.2分布式电源的种类52.2.1光伏发电（PV）52.2.2风力发电（wind power）52.2.3小型水力电发电62.2.4燃料电
15、池（fuel cells）62.2.5微型燃气轮机（micro-turbine）62.3 分布式电源的准入容量的定义62.4配电网继电保护62.4.1继电保护的基本原理与组成62.4.2三段式电流保护原理、整定原则与特点7第三章 分布式电源接入对传统配电网电流保护的影响研究和分析113.1建立典型配电网模型113.1.1 建立典型10kV配电网113.1.2 参数设置113.2对未接入DG配电网模型计算并分析合理性123.2.1三段式电流保护整定值计算123.2.2仿真验证153.3分析DG接入位置、数量和故障点位置对配电网继电保护的影响分析163.3.1母线C处接入单DG（具体定性）分析163.3.2母线A处接入单DG分析213.3.3母线B处接入单DG分析223.3.4接入多DG分析.223.4分析传统保护对DG接入容量的限制233.4.1定性分析单DG的准入容量问题233.4.2分析多DG的准入容量问题303.5总结32第四章 含DG配网智能电流保护方案研究与论证334.1基于邻线通信配合的故障线路判别方法334.1.1基于邻线通信配合的故障线路判别方法说明334.1.2以一含DG配网模型为例说明通信与保护间的配合实现334.1.3 方案优势
