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1、2022年考博英语-吉林大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The American dream is most （ ）during the periods of productivity and wealth generated by American capitalism.问题1选项A.plausibleB.patrioticC.primitiveD.partial【答案】A【解析】 Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE考查形近形容词词义辨析。plausible “貌似可行的，似乎合理的”；patrio
2、tic “爱国的”；primitive “原始的”；partial “偏爱的，局部的”。根据句意“美国资本主义带来发达的生产力创造了财富”，所以使得在人们看来美国梦是可实现的。所以选项A符合题意。2. 单选题The history of film reflects the（ ） inherent in the medium itself: film combines still photographs to represent continuous motion and, while seeming to present life itself, can also offer impossib
3、le and dreamlike unrealities.问题1选项A.trivialitiesB.biasesC.constraintsD.paradoxes【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。triviality “浅薄，轻浮，琐事”；bias “偏见，偏爱”； constraint “约束，局促”；paradox “悖论，反论，似非而是的论点，自相矛盾的人或事”。句意：电影的历史反映了这种媒体本身具备的矛盾：电影将静止的照片结合在一起区别表现连续的动作，而当呈现生活时，也经常提供一些不可能的和不真实的东西。选项D符合题意。3. 单选题（ ） is known to the world,
4、Mark Twain is a great American writer.问题1选项A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。as is know to 是一个固定搭配，意思是“众所周知”。选项C符合题意。4. 单选题Hundreds of people （ ）on the playground for watching the Dragon Lantern show.问题1选项A.contrivedB.conformedC.conferredD.converged【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。contrive “发明，设计”；conform “符合，遵
5、照”；confer “授予，给予”；converge “聚集”。句意：数百人聚集在广场上看龙灯表演。选项D符合题意。5. 单选题Evidence came up（ ） specific sounds are recognized by babies as young as six months old.问题1选项A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whose【答案】B【解析】考查同位语从句。通过分析句子可知，后面 specific sounds are recognized是对前面的evidence的解释说明，是同位语，并且是个完整的句子，所以此处用that来引导这个同位语从句。选项B符
6、合题意。6. 单选题You must remember not to（ ） from the point when you write an essay.问题1选项A.go astrayB.wanderC.divergeD.go off【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析、动词词义辨析。go astray “走入歧途；迷路”；wander “徘徊，漫步，迷路”；diverge “分化；分歧，相异；偏离”；go off “离开，进行；变质”。句意：你必须记住当你写论文的时候不要偏离主题。选项C符合题意。7. 单选题Many old houses have been（ ） in order that
7、 new big buildings may be built.问题1选项A.leveledB.collapsedC.demolishedD.felled【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。level “使同等；对准；弄平”；collapse “倒塌；瓦解”，一般做不及物动词，无被动形式；demolish “拆除；破坏”；fell “砍伐；打倒；击倒”。句意：为了修建新的建筑，很多老房子被拆除了。选项C符合题意。8. 单选题His opinions are very（ ） ; he does not want the situation to change very much.问题1选项A.c
8、onservativeB.flexibleC.sophisticatedD.radical【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。conservative “保守的”；flexible “灵活的，柔韧的，易 弯曲的”；sophisticated “精致的，久经世故的”；radical “激进的，根本的”。句意：他的观点非常保守，他不想让形式快速改变。选项A符合题意。9. 单选题Those who welcomed the railway saw it as more than a rapid and comfortable means of passing. They actually saw
9、it as factor in world peace. They did not foresee that the railway would be just one more means for the rapid movement of aggressive armies. None of them foresaw that the more we are together, the more chances there are of war. Any boy or girl who is one of a large family knows that.Whenever any new
10、 invention is put forward, those for it and those against it can always find medical men to approve or condemn. The anti-railway group produced doctors who said that tunnels would be most dangerous to public health. They would produce colds, catarrhs （粘膜炎）and consumptions （肺癌）.The deafening noise an
11、d the glare of the engine fire would have a bad effect on the nerves. Further, being moved through the air at a high speed would do grave injury to delicate lungs. In those with high blood-pressure, the movement for the train might produce apoplexy （中风）.The sudden plunging of a train into the darkne
12、ss of a tunnel, and the equally sudden rush into full daylight, would cause great damage to eyesight. But the pro-railway group was of course able to produce equally famous medical men to say just the opposite. They said that the speed and swing of the train would equalize the circulation promote di
13、gestion, tranquilize the nerves, and ensure good sleep.The actual rolling-stock was anything but comfortable. If it was a test of endurance to six for four hours outside a coach in rain, or inside in dirty air, the railway offered little more in the way of comfort. Certainly the first-class carriage
14、s had cushioned seats; but the second-class had only narrow bare boards, while the third-class had nothing at all; no seats and no roof; they were just open trucks so that third-class passengers gained nothing from the new mode except speed.A writer in the early days of railways wrote feelingly of b
15、oth second-and third-class carriages. He made the suggestion that the directors of the railways must have sent all over the world to find the hardest possible wood. Of the open third-class trucks he said that they had the peculiar property of meeting the rain from whatever quarter it came. He describe them as horizontal shower-baths, from whose searching power there was no escape.1.All boys and girls in large famili
