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1、 英语语音知识(Phonetic Knowledge) 学点语音知识 英语绕口令 English Pronunciation http:/www.soundsofenglish.org/pronunciation/index.htm American Pronunciation http:/ I.学点语音知识要想说好英语，应该学一点语音知识。下面是笔者总结的有关语音方面的一些基本知识，供你参考。 关于语音的几个概念 1) 字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u, 2) 音标：词的语音形式。 3) 音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。 4) 音节：由元音和辅音构成的发
2、音单位。apple, student, teacher, understand 5) 元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。 6) 辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。 7) 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike; b) 辅音+元音 he, go, hi 8) 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b)元音+辅音it 9) 重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。 2. 元音：(注意：下面空方括号是电脑无法输入的音标) 1) i: sea, h
3、e, see, piece, ceiling 2) i sit, build, miss, myth 3) e bed, desk, head, 4) bad, land, bank, stamp 5) a: car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt 6) hot, want 7) door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught 8) u: good, who, blue, soup, 9) u look, put, women, could 10) cup, come, blood, ro
4、ugh 11) girl, work, serve, nurse 12) cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday 13) ei cake, they, play, eight, great, 14) ai bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye 15) phone, cold, boat, soul, grow 16) au house, town 17) boy, oil 18) dear, idea, deer, here, fierce, 19)
5、pear, care, there, fair 20) tour, poor, 3. 容易混淆的元音 1) e bed bad; men, man; pen, pan; lend land 2) i: ei real rail; greet, great; mean, main; read raid 3) e ai bet bite; red write; said side, head, hide 4) au house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; cloud clause 5) au found fond; gow
6、n gone; down don 4. 辅音 1) p pen, 2) b bed, comb 3) t tell, 4) d, day, played, wanted 5) k cold, sky, quick, school, back, accept, box 6) g big, go, guess, language 7) m man 8) n nine, knife, autumn 9) bank, uncle, English, sing, 10) l land, world 11) r read, write, 12) f five, cough, laugh 13) v voi
7、ce, of 14) think, 15) this, bathe 16) s sit, miss, science, case, scarf 17) z zoo, close, 18) sure, she, social, nation 19) pleasure, 20) h hot, who, hour 21) w wall, what, answer 22) j yes 23) child, teach, catch 24) joke, bridge, 25) ts boats 26) dz goods 27) tr tree 28) dr dream 5. 容易混淆的辅音 1) v w
8、 vet wet; vest west; vine wine; very well 2) s sink think; sort thought; miss myth; mass math 3) z closing clothing; breeze breathe; bays bathes 4) n thin thing; sin sing; ban bang win wing; ran rang 6. 读音规则 1) 重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句) 2) 非重读音节 banana, student, today, after, i orange, secret, evening, very,
9、Monday 7. 特殊读音 1) 音的连读：not at all, half an hour, I love you and all. after all 2) 失去爆破：good girl, good student, good job, expression, school, extreme 3) 音的同化：this year, Would you do it? Cant you see it? 8. 重音 1)单词重音 A)双音节词 a)一般在第一个音节重读。letter, sorry b)有 a-, be-, de-, re-, res-, in-, im-, en-, em-, e
10、s-, ex-, con-, com-,dis-, mis-, pre-, per-, pro-, trans- 等前缀的词，第二个音节是重音。 about, believe, address, decide, report, condemn, respect, compare, inform, discuss, impress, mistake, enforce, prepare, employ, permit, escape, produce, exclaim,translate c)有 de-, in-, re-, con-, pre- 等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关, 一般名词的重音在第
11、一个音节上，其它的词性在第二个音节上。 record, record; insult, insult; conduct, conduct; present present; content, content d)有些复合词和带有前缀 re-, ex-, un-, pre-, post-, 等的词，有两个重音。 outside, retell, well-known, unreal, fifteen, Chinese, pre-war, post-war B)多音节词 a)一般倒数第三个音节是重音。difficult, communist, family, economy, opportunit
12、y,democracy. b)有一些双音节词，加了前缀和后缀成了多音节，但这些词按原来词根的重音读音。 carefully, indefinite, comfortable, conductor, according, disturbance, complicated,establishment, c)词尾有-eous, -grahpy, -ial, -ian, -ic, -ics, -ience, ient, -ify, -ion, -ious, -ity, ive 后缀的词，重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上。courteous, calligraphy, editorial, historian, periodic, mathematics, experience,sufficient, identify, tra
