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1、2022年考博英语-哈尔滨工业大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题In the two decades between 1910 and 1930, over ten percent of the Black population of the United States left the South, where the preponderance of the Black population had bee8n located, and migrated to northern states, with the largest number moving, it is cl
2、aimed, between 1916 and 1918. It has been frequently assumed, but not proved, that the majority of the migrants in what has come to be called the Great Migration came from rural areas and were motivated by two concurrent factors: the collapse of the cotton industry following the boll weevil infestat
3、ion, which began in 1898, and increased demand in the North for labor following the cessation of European immigration caused by the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. This assumption has led to the conclusion that the migrants subsequent lack of economic mobility in the North is tied to rural
4、background, a background that implies unfamiliarity with urban living and a lack of industrial skills.But the question of who actually left the South has never been rigorously investigated. Although numerous investigations document an exodus from rural southern areas to southern cities prior to the
5、Great Migration, no one has considered whether the same migrants then moved on to northern cities. In 1910 over 600,000 Black workers, or ten percent of the Black work force, reported themselves to be engaged in “manufacturing and mechanical pursuits,” the federal census category encompassing the en
6、tire industrial sector. The Great Migration could easily have been made up entirely of this group and their families. It is perhaps surprising to argue that an employed population could be enticed to move, but an explanation lies in the labor conditions then prevalent in the South.About thirty-five
7、percent of the urban Black population in the South was engaged in skilled trades. Some were from the old artisan class of slavery blacksmiths, masons, carpenters which had had a monopoly of certain trades, but they were gradually being pushed out by competition, mechanization, and obsolescence. The
8、remaining sixty-five percent, more recently urbanized, worked in newly developed industries tobacco, lumber, coal and iron manufacture, and railroads. Wages in the South, however, were low, and Black workers were aware, through labor recruiters and the Black press, that they could earn more even as
9、unskilled workers in the North than they could as artisans in the South. After the boll weevil infestation, urban Black workers faced competition from the continuing influx of both Black and White rural workers, who were driven to undercut the wages formerly paid for industrial fobs. Thus, a move no
10、rth would be seen as advantageous to a group that was already urbanized and steadily employed, and the easy conclusion tying their subsequent economic problems in the North to their rural background comes into question.1.The author indicates explicitly that which of the following records has been a
11、source of information in her investigation?2.In the passage, the author anticipates which of the following as a possible objection to her argument?3.According to the passage, which of the following is true of wages in southern cities in 1910?4.The author cites each of the following as possible influ
12、ences in a Black workers decision to migrate north in the Great Migration EXCEPT（ ） .5.It can be inferred from the passage that the “easy conclusion” mentioned in line 16 of the last paragraph is based on which of the following assumptions?6.The primary purpose of the passage is to （ ）.7.According t
13、o information in the passage, which of the following is a correct sequence of groups of workers, from highest paid to lowest paid, in the period between 1910 and 1930?8.The material in the passage would be most relevant to a long discussion of which of the following topics?问题1选项A.United States Immig
14、ration Service reports from 1914 to 1930.B.Payrolls of southern manufacturing firms between 1910 and 1930.C.The volume of cotton exports between 1898 and 1910.D.The federal census of 1910.问题2选项A.It is uncertain how many people actually migrated during the Great Migration.B.The eventual economic stat
15、us of the Great Migration migrants has not been adequately traced.C.It is not likely that people with stead jobs would have reason to move to another area of the country.D.It is not true that the term “manufacturing and mechanical pursuits” actually encompasses the entire industrial sector.问题3选项A.Th
16、ey were being pushed lower as a result of increased competition.B.They had begun to rise so that southern industry could attract rural workers.C.They had increased for skilled workers but decreased for unskilled workers.D.They had increased in large southern cities but decreased in small southern cities.问题4选项A.wage levels in northern citiesB.labor recruitersC.competitio
