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1、2022年考博英语-中国人民大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, （ ）the color of his skin.问题1选项A.with the exception ofB.in the light ofC.by virtue ofD.regardless of【答案】D【解析】词组词义辨析。with the exception of除.以外；in the light of根据，依据；by virtue of 依靠，凭借，由于；regardl
2、ess of不顾，不管。句意：这个国家的每个人都有权住在他想住的地方，不管他的肤色如何。选项D符合句意。2. 单选题The Jatakana culture encompasses every（ ）of life from beliefs, superstitions, and practices to art, education and tourism.问题1选项A.respectB.inspectC.aspectD.suspect【答案】C【解析】形近词词义辨析。根据句意可知这里指Jatakana文化覆盖了生活的方方面面，选项C符合句意。3. 翻译题但是，对于所有的正在进行的激动人心的工
3、作而言，科学远没有达到一个能塑造完美的人或者甚至一个完美的番茄的美好新世界的境地。在基因治疗普及之前，仍然需要做大量研究。如果许多疾病真的可以治疗的话，那将花上数十年的时间。就短期而言，基因筛选将是运用新技术的最可行的办法。医生们能在治疗各种DNA缺陷之前检测到它们。在某些情况下，这些信息可以延缓疾病的发作或是减轻它的病症。例如，一个有着遗传性易患心脏病体质的人可以进行低脂肪的饮食。如果科学家由于制造一种重要蛋白质的基因存在缺陷从而导致这种蛋白质失去的话，也许科学家就可以给这位病人提供人工蛋白质。然而，在其他的情况下，对于阻止由于基因突变而导致的不幸几乎无能为力。【答案】For all the
4、 fevered work being done, however, science is still far away from the Brave New World vision of engineering a perfect human or even a perfect tomato. Much more research is needed before gene therapy becomes commonplace, and many diseases will take decades to conquer, if they can be conquered at all.
5、In the short run, the most practical way to use the new technology will be in genetic screening. Doctors will be able to detect all sorts of flaws in DNA long before they can be fixed. In some cases the knowledge may lead to treatments that delay the onset of the disease or soften its effects. Someo
6、ne with a genetic predisposition to heart disease, for example, could follow a low-fat diet. And if scientists determine that a vital protein is missing because the gene that was supposed to make it is defective, they might be able to give the patient an artificial version of the protein. But in oth
7、er instances, almost nothing can be done to stop the ravages brought on by genetic mutations.4. 单选题How can you （ ） and watch the country go to ruin?问题1选项A.stand byB.stand forC.stand upD.stand up for【答案】A【解析】动词词组辨析。stand by袖手旁观，站在旁边；stand for代表，象征；stand up站起来，坚持；stand up for支持，拥护。句意：你怎么能袖手旁观，看着这个国家走向
8、毁灭呢?选项A符合句意。5. 单选题The team leader of mountain climbers marked out（ ） .问题1选项A.that seemed to be the best routeB.what seemed to be the best routeC.which seemed to be tile best routeD.something that to be the best route【答案】B【解析】本句缺少的成分是宾语从句，只有选项B能作为宾语从句。that一般引导同位语从句；选项C缺少先行词；选项D用法不正确，所以本题选B。6. 单选题In m
9、odern days, on the western bank of the upper Tigris River stands an Iraqi city called Qalat Shartlat. Thousands of years ago, this very site was once the capital of a great Mesopotamian empire. At the time, the place had a different name. It was called Ashur or Arrur. The word Ashur eventually gave
10、rise to the team Assyria, which was the northern part of Mesopotamia. People living in that region later became known as the Assyrians.Historians often divide the long history of Assyria into three periods even though they cannot reach a consensus over the exact dates of each era. The three periods
11、was the Old Assyrian Period (circa 2000 B.C.1400 B.C. ), the Middle Assyrian Period (circa 1365 B.C.1100 B.C. ) and the Neo-Assyrian Empire ( circa 934 B. C. 609 B.C.).Archaeological evidence showed that people began to settle in Ashur as early as 2500 B. C. But it did not attain any political signi
12、ficance until the third dynasty of Ur collapsed in 2004 B. C. After that fiasco, the Assyrians transformed the Ashur into a bustling commercial center, controlling trade routes to and from Anatolia. In 1813 B. C. , the first great Assyrian king, Shamshi-Adad I, ascended the throne and began a series
13、 of military expansions. At the height of his reign, his kingdom owned the entire northern Mesopotamia. Its growing influence gave its neighbor plenty of reasons to be wary. While things were going splendidly for this Assyrian upstart, Shamshi-Adad passed away in 1791 B. C. Soon after his death, the
14、 kingdom began to fall apart. Knowing that the Shamshi-Adad5s empire was on the verge of collapse, Hammurabi of the 1st dynasty of Babylon jumped at the chance and invaded northern Mesopotamia. He conquered Ashur in 1760 B. C. From that point on to the middle of 1300s B.C. , Assyria was reduced to a
15、 mere vassal state. At first, it had to answer to the 1st dynasty of Babylon. After that empire was eradicated, it turned to submit to a Human kingdom called Mitanni. It was not until 1365 B. C. that Assyria, then ruled by Ashur-uballit I, was able to regain its independence. For the next couple hundred years, Assyria grew increasingly powerful. It eventually defeated Babylonia and even occupied Egypt.1.According to the article, the Assyrian lived in part of modern-day（ ）.2.According to the historians, the history of Assyria has lasted for about （ ）.3.It was during the reign of Sha
