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1、2022年考博英语-首都经济贸易大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Physics is （ ）to the science which was called natural philosophy in history.问题1选项A.alikeB.equivalentC.likelyD.uniform【答案】B【解析】句意:物理学也相当于一门科学，在历史上，这门科学被称为自然哲学。考查形容词辨析。alike 相同的，相似的；equivalent相等的，相同的；likely可能的，预料的，有希望的；uniform 一致的，统一的。故B符合句意。2. 单选题Over a third o
2、f the population was estimated to have no（ ）to the health service问题1选项A.assessmentB.accessC.assignmentD.exception【答案】B【解析】考查词组的固定搭配。A选项assessment表示“评定，估价”；B选项access表示“进入，通道，机会”；C选项assignment表示“分配，任务”；D选项exception表示“例外，异议”。词组have access to可表示“使用，接近，可以利用”，其余3项不可与have构成搭配。句意：估计有超过三分之一的人口没有享受到医疗服务。因此本题正
3、确答案为B选项。3. 单选题Air pollution （ ）to many kinds of diseases.问题1选项A.confirmsB.communicatesC.consumesD.contributes【答案】D【解析】考察动词词义辨析。confirm“确认；确定；证实”；communicate“传达；感染；显露”；consume“消耗，消费”；contribute “贡献，捐献”。contribute to “有助于，捐献”。句意：空气污染导致各种疾病。4. 翻译题A. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.In the
4、 modern era, there will be much to celebrate because our civilization has achieved breath-taking advances in virtually every field of human endeavour. And yet, these quantum leaps in human progress coexist with a darker side to our civilization such as armed conflict, which might destroy entire comm
5、unities in the quest for ethnicity, religion or race. In the context of armed conflict, children are the real victims. Many were killed, permanently disabled, displaced or orphaned. Worse than that, some of them are currently under arms as killing machines. Hence, the Security Council should set out
6、 its goal: advocating for children who are victimized or made especially vulnerable, as well as mobilizing for concrete action to ensure their rights, protection and welfare.B. Translate the following paragraph into English.贸易增长在很大程度上取决于能源的供应。中东可以开采的原油还有一万亿桶。但是 1974年的石油危机使人们对煤再度产生了兴趣并且去寻找可供选择的其它能源。在
7、今后的年代里，太阳能、风能和核能将起到重大的作用。【答案】A英译中【参考译文】在如今这个时代，会有许多事情值得庆祝，因为几乎在人类努力的每一个领域我们的文明都取得了惊人的进展。然而，人类进步的这些巨大飞跃与我们文明的黑暗面并存，比如武装冲突，它可能会在寻求种族、宗教或种族的过程中摧毁整个社区。在（发生）武装冲突的情况下，孩子们是真正的受害者。许多人被杀害、永久致残、流离失所或者成为孤儿。比这更糟糕的是，现在这些孩子中的一些人被当作杀人机器武装了起来。因此，安全理事会应确定自己的目标：提倡保护受害或者特别容易受害的儿童，并动员采取具体行动，确保孩子们的权利、保护他们并且提供福利。B中译英【参考译
8、文】The growth of trade depends on energy supplies to a great extent. There is still a trillion barrels of recoverable oil in the Middle East. But the 1974 oil crisis made people revive interest in coal and search for alternative sources of energy. In the years to come, solar, wind and nuclear power w
9、ill play a big role.5. 单选题As a developing country, we must keep（ ）with the rapid development of the world economy.问题1选项A.paceB.moveC.stepD.speed【答案】A【解析】考查词组的固定搭配。A选项pace表示“步速，步伐，速度”；B选项move表示“行动，举措，改变”；C选项 step表示“脚步，步骤，步伐”；D选项speed表示“速度，进展”。词组keep pace with是一个固定搭配，表示“与.并驾齐驱，保持一致”。因此本题正确答案为A选项。6. 单选
10、题The Readers Digest investigation asked Americans which was the biggest threat to the nations future -big business, big labor or big government. A whopping 67 percent replied big government. That is a big change over 40 years ago. A 1954 Opinion Research Corp. Poll found that only 16 percent of Amer
11、icans indicted big government, given the same three choices. In a 1965 Gallup survey, those believing big government to be the problem had risen to 35 percent; by 1985, to 50 percent.Now (1995) two of three Americans fear big government. Opinion researchers rarely see such a vast change in public at
12、titude. When put in historical perspective, from the time of Franklin Roosevelts New Deal to the present, the fallen status of government as a protector and benefactor is extraordinary. Weve returned to the instinctive American wariness of Washington so common before the Great Depression.In our poll
13、, taken before the November elections, the overwhelming majority of our respondents wanted to stop or roll back the impact of government. In answer to another question posed by The Digest, 79 percent said they wanted either no more than the current level of government services and taxes, or less gov
14、ernment and lower taxes.It seems to me that we in the middle class bear most of the burden, says Jo Nell Norman, 61, a nurse in Dyersburg, Tenn., who often wonders about the governments judgment in spending her money.Of Americans in our sample, 62 percent believe that politicians ethics and honesty
15、have fallen. And what about Congress? Is it doing a good job? Or do members spend more time thinking about their political futures than passing good legislation?Across generations, a thumping 89 percent thought the latter. Congress always seems to be screwing up, says one young Xer.However, Americans are satisfied with their own lives and jobs. Four of five respondents were completely or somewhat satisfied. The figures held up across all ages - including Xers, whom many pundits have claimed are pessimistic about their future.Keith
