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1、2022年考博英语-南京大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题The work in the office was（ ） by a constant stream of visitors.问题1选项A.confusedB.hamperedC.reversedD.perplexed【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。confuse “使混乱，使困惑”；hamper “妨碍，束缚”；reverse “颠倒，倒转”；perplex “使困惑，使为难”。句意：办公室的工作被接连不断的来访人员妨碍了。选项B符合题意。2. 单选题Mr. Smith became very（ ）when it w
2、as suggested that he had made a mistake.问题1选项A.ingeniousB.empiricalC.objectiveD.indignant【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。形容词词义辨折。ingenious “有独创性的，机灵的”；empirical “经验主义的”；objective “客观的”；indignant “愤愤不平的”。句意：当被指出犯了错误时，史密斯先生感到很气愤。选项D符合题意。3. 单选题The new range of products （ ） last autumn is already selling far better
3、than is expected.问题1选项A.launchedB.marketedC.prevailedD.envisioned【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。launch “上市”；market “销售”；prevail “盛行”；envision “想象”。句意：去年秋天上市的新产品销量比预期要好。选项A符合题意。4. 单选题A lie is as much a lie, when it is whispered or when it is（ ）at the market cross.问题1选项A.proclaimedB.reclaimedC.acclaimedD.claimed【答案】
4、A【解析】形近词词义解析。proclaim “声明”；reclaim“指收回或利用废物”；acclaim “喝彩”；claim “声称”。句意：谎言就是谎言，不管是小声说的，还是在街上大声宣扬的。选项A符合题意。5. 翻译题据心理学家称，乐观和自信是健康的心理状态所应具备的要素。焦虑是一种心理问题，他源自对生活中的不确定因素的内在恐惧，或者说是一种不安全感。繁荣的市场经济中躁动的消费需求是某些人焦虑情绪产生的原因。名车、豪宅和优越的生活被人们视为高档的标志。但是，由于多数人难以达到这样的生活标准，有些人就会产生失落感。然而，这种出于对金钱崇拜而产生的焦虑感并不具有代表性。对于多数人来说，引起焦
5、虑的重要原因是高昂的房价、教育支出和医疗费用。人们生活在巨大的压力之下，但是低廉并且增长缓慢的工资使他们看不到脱离困境的希望。有时似乎是机会多多，人们也会因此而产生焦虑。【答案】Psychologists said that confidence and optimism are the important elements of a healthy state of mind. Nervousness is a mental problem and is resourced from an inner emotional insecurity over uncertain factors i
6、n life. In the prosperous market economy, restless consumption demands are the reason for the nervous emotions. Brand-name car, houses and superior life are the marks of high-end life. However, most people tend to be disappointed because they cannot reach this living standard. Furthermore, such nerv
7、ousness over money worship is not representative. For most people, the nervousness is resulted from expensive house, high education expenditure and high medical cost. People live under this tremendous pressure, and they cannot find any hopes of being lifted out of the hardship because of the low and
8、 slow-growing incomes. Sometimes there seems to be many opportunities, but people also feel anxious about this. 6. 单选题Do you think that all human beings have a u comfort zone” regulating the distance they stand from someone when they talk? This distance varies in interesting ways among people of dif
9、ferent cultures.Greeks, others of the Eastern Mediterranean, and many of those from South America normally stand quite close together when they talk, often moving their faces even closer as they warm up in a conversation. North Americans find this awkward and often back away a few inches. Studies ha
10、ve found that they tend to feel most comfortable at about 21 inches apart. In much of Asia and Africa, there is even more space between two speakers in conversation. This greater space subtly lends an air of dignity and respect. This manner of space is nearly always unconscious, but it is interestin
11、g to observe.This difference applies also to the closeness with which people sit together, the extent to which they lean over one another in conversation, and how they move as they argue or make an emphatic point. In the United States, for example, people try to keep their bodies apart even in a cro
12、wded elevator；in Paris they take it as it comes!Although North Americans have a relatively wide “comfort zone” for talking, they communicate a great deal with their hands not only with gesture but also with touch. They put a sympathetic hand on a persons shoulder to demonstrate warmth of feeling or
13、an arm around him in sympathy ； they nudge a man in the ribs to emphasize a funny story； they put an arm in reassurance or stroke a childs head in affection； they readily take someones arm to help him cross a street or direct him along an unfamiliar route. To many people especially those from Asia o
14、r the Moslem countries such bodily contact is unwelcome, especially if inadvertently done with the left hand. The left hand carries no special significance in the U. S. Many Americans are simply left-handed and use that hand more.Do you think that all human beings have a u comfort zone” regulating t
15、he distance they stand from someone when they talk? This distance varies in interesting ways among people of different cultures.Greeks, others of the Eastern Mediterranean, and many of those from South America normally stand quite close together when they talk, often moving their faces even closer as they warm up in a conversation. North Americans find this awkward and often back away a few inches. Studies have found that they tend to feel most comfortable at about 21 inches apart. In much of Asia and Africa, there is even more space between two speakers in conversation. This
