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1、2022年考博英语-南京大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题The（ ）of computer technology has led to major changes in our social and family life.问题1选项A.fraudulenceB.arrivalC.dawnD.advent【答案】D【解析】名词词义解析。fraudulence “欺诈性”；arrival “到达”；dawn “黎明，开端”；advent “到来，出现”。句意：计算机技术的到来对我们的社会和家庭生活带来了主要的影响。选项D符合题意。2. 单选题She is trying t
2、o（ ）him by phone as she has some very important news for him.问题1选项A.touchB.reachC.relateD.connect【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。touch “感动”;reach “取得联系，到达”relate “有关联”;connect “连接”句意：她正在试着打电话和他获得联系，因为她有重要的消息告诉他。选项B符合题意。3. 单选题The manager promised to pay them well and in return he would expect their loyalty and （ ）.问
3、题1选项A.executionB.commitmentC.enduranceD.persistence【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析。Execution“实行，执行”；commitment“承诺，承担义务”；endurance“忍耐，持久性”。句意：这位经理承诺给他们高报酬，并且作为回报，他能够得到他们的忠诚对待和义务的承担。选项B符合题意。4. 单选题The international Olympic Games, regarded as the world s most prestigious athletic competition, take place once every the
4、four years.问题1选项A.regardedB.prestigiousC.take placeD.the four years【答案】D【解析】固定短语错误，选项D应该是every four years “每四年”，句意：国际奥林匹克运动会，被认为是最著名的运动竞赛，每四年举办一次。选项D符合题意。5. 单选题Teenage children began to assert their independence and this can lead to good deal of （ ） in the family.问题1选项A.controversyB.frictionC.restri
5、ctionD.contradiction【答案】B【解析】名词词义解析。controversy “辩论”；friction “摩擦”；restriction “，约束”； contradiction “矛盾，不一致”。句意：青少年开始宣称他们的独立，这样会在家庭中带来大量的摩擦。选项B符合题意。6. 单选题Certainly no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber. All living creatures，especially human beings, have their peculiarities, bu
6、t everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that, among other eccentricities, eats mud，feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods, and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets?
7、For some fifty million years，despite all its eccentricities, the sea cucumber has subsisted on its diet of mud. It is adaptable enough to live attached to rocks by its tube feet, under rocks in shallow water, or on the surface of mud flats. Common in cool water on both Atlantic and Pacific shores, i
8、t has the ability to suck up mud or sand and digest whatever nutrients are present.Sea cucumbers come in a variety of colors, ranging from black to reddish-brown to sand-colored and nearly white. One form even has vivid purple tentacles. Usually the creatures are cucumber-shapedhence their name and
9、because they are typically rock inhabitants, this shape, combined with (heir flexibility, enables them to squeeze into crevices where they are safe from predators and ocean currents.Although they have voracious appetites, eating day and night, sea cucumbers have the capacity to become quiescent and
10、live at a low metabolic ratefeeding sparingly or not at all for long periods, so that the marine organisms that provide their food have a chance to multiply. If it were not for this faculty. they would devour all the food availa-ble in a short time and would probably starve themselves out of existen
11、ce.But the most spectacular thing about the sea cucumber is the way it defends itself. Its major enemies are fish and crabs. When attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into the water. It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itse
12、lf if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if the surrounding water temperature is too high or the water becomes too polluted.1.According to the passage, why is the shape of sea cucumber important?2.The fourth paragraph of the passage primarily discusses（ ）3.What can be inferred about
13、 the defense mechanisms of the sea cucumber?4.Which of the following would NOT cause a sea cucumber to release its internal organs into the water?问题1选项A.Because it helps them digest food.B.Because it helps them protect themselves from danger.C.Because it makes it easier for them to move through mud.
14、D.Because it makes them attractive to fish.问题2选项A.the reproduction of sea cucumbersB.the food sources of sea cucumbersC.the eating habits of sea cucumbersD.threats to sea cucumbers existence问题3选项A.They are very sensitive to the surrounding stimuli.B.They are almost useless.C.They require group coope
15、ration.D.They are similar to those of most sea creatures.问题4选项A.A touchB.FoodC.Unusually warm waterD.Pollution【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:A第4题:B【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“enables them to squeeze into crevices where they are safe from predators and ocean currents.”。可知海参的颜色和形状使它们可以藏进裂缝中，可以远离捕食者，更好地保护自己。选项B符合题意。2.主旨题。根据第四段，“Although they have voracious appetites, eating day and night.”。海参的胃口很大，可以昼夜不停地吃。可知第四段主要讨论海参的饮食习惯。选项C符合题意。3.推断题。根据文章最后一段，“The sea cucumber will evis
