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1、2022年考博英语-吉林大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题You should know better than（ ） your little sister at home by herself.问题1选项A.to leaveB.leavingC.to have leftD.left【答案】A【解析】考察固定搭配。know better than to do “不至于不知道”。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题The agency is more（ ） with making arty ads than understanding its clients.问题1选项A.worriedB
2、.caredC.attentiveD.concerned【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析、动词词义辨析。worried “担心的”，一般与介词about搭配；cared 是动词care的过去分词，be cared about “被关心”；attentive “留意的，注意的”；concerned “有关的，关心的”。句意：相比了解自己的客户，该广告代理更关心艺术气息的广告。选项D符合题意。3. 单选题The Supreme Courts decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how
3、medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the court in effect supported the medical principle of “ double effect”，a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effectsa goo
4、d one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseenis permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the
5、patient.Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient medication to control their pain if that might hasten death”.George Annas, chair of the health la
6、w department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as good doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. “Its like surgery, he says. “We dont call those deaths homicides because the doctors di
7、dnt intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If youre a physician, you can risk your patients suicide as long as you dont intend their suicide. ”On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair
8、 of patients for whom modem medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.Just three weeks before the Courts ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the undertre
9、atment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of end-of-life care.The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospitals, to test knowledge of aggressive pain man
10、agement therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. “A large number o
11、f physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering”，to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse”. He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should
12、 result in license suspension”.1.We learn from the passage that （ ）2.George Annas may agree that （ ）.3.According to the NASs report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is（ ） .4.Whats the possible meaning of “ aggressive”( Line 3, Para. 7) ?5.According to George Annas，which of the following medi
13、cal behaviors should be punished?问题1选项A.doctors never increase drug dosages to control their patients painB.it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their livesC.the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicideD.patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide问题2选项A.
14、a doctors medication shouldnt be justified by his intentionsB.doctors cannot give patients large dosages of medication on any accountC.high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribedD.doctors should be held guilty if they risk their patients death问题3选项A.prolonged medical proceduresB.inadequa
15、te treatment of painC.systematic drug abuseD.insufficient hospital care问题4选项A.Bold.B.Harmful.C.Positive.D.Energetic.问题5选项A.Treating patient impatiently.B.Giving patients more medicine than needed.C.Reducing drug dosages for patients.D.Prolonging the needless suffering of the patients.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.文章第一段和第二段的第一句话提到最高法院关于医生协助自杀的裁决有重要的意义，最高法院支持流传了几个世纪的道德准则，这说明最高法院认为医生没有协助病人自杀的权利，所以选项B符合题意。2.文章在第五段和最后一段提到了George Annas。在第五段中，他认为只要医生开药是出于合理的医疗目的，即使这些药会加速病人的死亡，医生也没有违法。最后一段最后一句他提出如果病人痛苦死去是医生护理不好的表现，从两段可以看出，他支持医生
